ABSTRACT

Knowledge of whole-body energy transfer strategies during football instep kicking can help inform empirically grounded training practices. The aim of this study was thus to investigate energy transfer strategies of 15 semi-professional players performing kicks for speed and accuracy. Three-dimensional kinematics and GRFs (both 1000 Hz) were incorporated into segment power analyses to derive energy transfers between the support leg, torso, pelvis and kick leg throughout the kick. Energy transferred from support leg (r = 0.62, P = 0.013) and torso (r = 0.54, P = 0.016) into the pelvis during tension arc formation and leg cocking was redistributed to the kick leg during the downswing (r = 0.76, P < 0.001) and were associated with faster foot velocities at ball contact. This highlights whole-body function during instep kicking. Of particular importance were: (a) regulating support leg energy absorption, (b) eccentric formation and concentric release of a ‘tension arc’ between the torso and kicking hip, and (c) coordinated proximal to distal sequencing of the kick leg. Resistance exercises that replicate the demands of these interactions may help develop more powerful kicking motions and varying task and/or environmental constraints might facilitate development of adaptable energy transfer strategies.

 抽象的

了解足球脚背踢球过程中的全身能量转移策略可以帮助指导基于经验的训练实践。因此，本研究的目的是调查 15 名半职业球员踢球时的能量转移策略，以提高速度和准确性。三维运动学和 GRF（均为 1000 Hz）被纳入分段功率分析中，以得出整个踢腿过程中支撑腿、躯干、骨盆和踢腿之间的能量转移。在张力弧形成和腿部翘起期间，能量从支撑腿（r = 0.62，P = 0.013）和躯干（r = 0.54，P = 0.016）转移到骨盆，并在下杆期间重新分配到踢腿（r = 0.76，P < 0.001）并且与触球时更快的脚速相关。这突出了踢脚背时的全身功能。特别重要的是：（a）调节支撑腿能量吸收，（b）躯干和踢腿髋部之间“张力弧”的偏心形成和同心释放，以及（c）协调踢腿的近端到远端顺序。复制这些相互作用的需求的阻力练习可能有助于发展更强大的踢腿动作，而不同的任务和/或环境限制可能有助于制定适应性能量转移策略。