Magnetotactic Bacteria-Based Biorefinery: Potential for Generating Multiple Products from a Single Fermentation,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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Magnetotactic Bacteria-Based Biorefinery: Potential for Generating Multiple Products from a Single Fermentation
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-23 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c02435
Carmen Hierro-Iglesias ₁ , Marta Masó-Martínez ₁ , Jugraj Dulai ₁ , Katie J. Chong ₁ , Paula Helena Blanco-Sanchez ₁ , Alfred Fernández-Castané ₁

Affiliation

The magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) model Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 (Mgryph) is typically known for its capacity to produce magnetic nanoparticles with unique properties, namely, magnetosomes. However, the magnetosome fraction represents only around 4% of the total cell mass. Therefore, the downstream processing of Mgryph generates a substantial amount of under-utilized microbial biomass waste (MBW) rich in proteins and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), which can be used, for example, as animal feed and biodegradable bioplastics, respectively. In this work, we have designed an integrated Mgryph-based biorefinery through the utilization of the MBW for the recovery of PHA and soluble proteins using NaClO extraction, revealing that poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) is produced with a relative abundance of 99:1 mol % (3HB/3HV). We have further upgraded PHA into crotonic acid using pyrolysis, which can be used in adhesive and biofuel manufacturing. The effect of the MBW concentration used in the NaClO extraction step (10, 30, and 50 g MBW L^–1) was evaluated to determine PHA recovery yields, purity, and purification factor, as well as the thermal stability and fraction of volatile components. The condition using 10 g MBW L^–1 was the best among those tested with 51.3 ± 0.14% PHA content in the extract, 97.8% extraction yield, and 2.93 purification factor. The thermogravimetric analysis of PHA extracts from Mgryph showed a degradation range between 232 and 292 °C and a purity of up to 73 ± 4%. Under optimal extraction conditions (10 g MBW L^–1), 53.3% of the total cellular protein was recovered. Analysis of products from isothermal pyrolysis of PHA extracts at 300 °C yielded up to 86.0 ± 1.5% of crotonic acid. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to extract PHA from Mgryph, thus representing a benchmark for future optimization studies for PHA recovery in this microorganism. Moreover, this work explores the development of an integrated Mgryph-based biorefinery for valorizing MBW into added value biochemicals, which can be used in a wide range of applications, thus representing an opportunity to improve the efficiency of magnetosome production toward the development of sustainable bioprocesses.

中文翻译：

基于趋磁细菌的生物精炼厂：单次发酵生产多种产品的潜力

趋磁细菌 (MTB) 模型Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 ( Mgryph ) 通常以其生产具有独特性质的磁性纳米粒子的能力而闻名，即磁小体。然而，磁小体部分仅占总细胞质量的 4% 左右。因此，Mgryph的下游加工会产生大量未充分利用的富含蛋白质和聚羟基链烷酸酯 (PHA) 的微生物生物质废物 (MBW)，它们可分别用作例如动物饲料和可生物降解的生物塑料。在这项工作中，我们设计了一个集成的Mgryph通过MBW的利用率为PHA和使用次氯酸钠提取可溶性蛋白的回收率为基础的生物精炼厂，揭示了聚（3-羟基丁酸酯共-3-羟基戊酸酯）产生具有99一个相对丰度：1摩尔％（3HB / 3HV）。我们通过热解将 PHA 进一步升级为巴豆酸，可用于粘合剂和生物燃料制造。评估了 NaClO 提取步骤中使用的 MBW 浓度（10、30 和 50 g MBW L ^–1）的影响，以确定 PHA 回收率、纯度和纯化因子，以及热稳定性和挥发性成分的分数. 使用 10 g MBW L ^–1的条件提取物中的 PHA 含量为 51.3 ± 0.14%，提取率为 97.8%，纯化因子为 2.93。Mgryph中 PHA 提取物的热重分析表明降解范围在 232 到 292 °C 之间，纯度高达 73 ± 4%。在最佳提取条件（10 g MBW L ^–1）下，总细胞蛋白的 53.3% 被回收。分析 PHA 提取物在 300 °C 下等温热解的产物，产生高达 86.0 ± 1.5% 的巴豆酸。据我们所知，我们的研究是第一个从Mgryph 中提取 PHA 的研究，因此代表了该微生物中 PHA 回收率未来优化研究的基准。此外，这项工作探索了集成Mgryph基于生物精炼厂，用于将 MBW 转化为具有附加值的生化产品，可用于广泛的应用，从而为提高磁小体生产效率以发展可持续生物过程提供了机会。

更新日期：2021-08-09

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