通过机械化学还原从硫酸铅残留物中回收铅的简便环保方法：相变和反应机理,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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通过机械化学还原从硫酸铅残留物中回收铅的简便环保方法：相变和反应机理
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c02587
Jianyong Che ₁ , Wenjuan Zhang _{1,

2} , Liu Xia ₁ , Jun Chen ₁ , Peicheng Wen ₁ , Baozhong Ma _{1,

2} , Chengyan Wang _{1,

2}

Affiliation

硫酸铅渣（LSR）是一种重要的二次铅资源，也被归类为危险废物，由于一次资源短缺和环境污染，其在清洁和可持续利用技术方面受到了极大的关注。目前的 LSR 处理方法涉及潜在的环境风险，包括 SO _{x 的}排放气体和废酸和碱的产生。在此，提出了一种环境友好的处理 LSR 的方法，通过使用铁粉作为还原剂，通过机械球磨在环境条件下还原铅。通过 X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜/能量色散 X 射线光谱法、傅里叶变换红外光谱和 X 射线光电子能谱分析铅的相变，揭示了还原时间、旋转速度、球与球的质量比。材料 (B/M) 和铁粉用量对硫酸铅的还原有积极影响。在转速300rpm、还原时间2h、B/M15g/g、铁粉理论用量1.5倍的最佳条件下，硫酸铅还原效率最高，达到99.9%。生成的硫酸亚铁随后通过水洗去除，多余的铁粉通过熔化分离，伴随产生纯度为99.2%的高纯度金属铅。该工艺简单、环保，显示出良好的工业应用潜力。

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A Facile and Environmentally Friendly Approach for Lead Recovery from Lead Sulfate Residue via Mechanochemical Reduction: Phase Transformation and Reaction Mechanism

Lead sulfate residue (LSR) is an important secondary lead resource also categorized as a hazardous waste, which has gained great attention in clean and sustainable utilization technology due to the shortage of primary resources and environmental pollution. The current methods for LSR treatment involve a potential environmental risk including emission of SO_x gas and generation of waste acids and alkali. Herein, an environmentally friendly method is proposed for treating LSR, by which lead was reduced under ambient conditions via mechanical ball milling using iron powder as the reductant. The phase transformation of lead was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, revealing that the reduction time, rotation speed, mass ratio of ball to material (B/M), and iron powder dosage positively influenced the reduction of lead sulfate. The highest lead sulfate reduction efficiency of 99.9% was obtained under optimum conditions: rotation speed of 300 rpm, reduction time of 2 h, B/M of 15 g/g, and 1.5 times the theoretical dosage of iron powder. The generated ferrous sulfate was subsequently removed by water washing, and excess iron powder was separated by melting, accompanied by metallic lead produced with a high purity of 99.2%. This process is simple and environmentally friendly, showing good potential for industrial application.

更新日期：2021-08-02

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