功能化纳米纤维素的生物降解,Environmental Science & Technology

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功能化纳米纤维素的生物降解
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07253
Benjamin P Frank ₁ , Casey Smith ₁ , Emily R Caudill ₂ , Ronald S Lankone ₁ , Katrina Carlin ₁ , Sarah Benware ₂ , Joel A Pedersen _{2,

3} , D Howard Fairbrother ₁

Affiliation

纳米纤维素由于其天然丰度、理想的物理化学性质和高内在矿化性（即完全生物降解性）而在材料科学和生物医学工程中的应用引起了广泛的兴趣。增加在聚合物基质中的分散性的一种常见策略是通过共价官能化修饰纳米纤维素上的羟基，但这种修饰策略可能会影响原始纳米纤维素表现出的理想生物降解特性。在这项研究中，与未修饰的 CNF 相比，用一系列酯、羧酸或醚功能化的纤维素纳米纤维 (CNF) 显示出厌氧和需氧微生物群落的矿化速率和程度降低，其中醚化的 CNF 表现出最高水平的顽固性。功能化 CNF 的生物降解性降低主要取决于材料表面而不是本体内部的取代程度。这种对表面化学的依赖性不仅归因于纳米纤维素的大表面积与体积比，而且归因于微生物实现生物降解所必需的先决条件表面相互作用。这项研究的结果强调需要量化表面取代基的类型和覆盖范围，以预测它们对功能化纳米纤维素的环境持久性的影响。这种对表面化学的依赖性不仅归因于纳米纤维素的大表面积与体积比，而且归因于微生物实现生物降解所必需的先决条件表面相互作用。这项研究的结果强调需要量化表面取代基的类型和覆盖范围，以预测它们对功能化纳米纤维素的环境持久性的影响。这种对表面化学的依赖性不仅归因于纳米纤维素的大表面积与体积比，而且归因于微生物实现生物降解所必需的先决条件表面相互作用。这项研究的结果强调需要量化表面取代基的类型和覆盖范围，以预测它们对功能化纳米纤维素的环境持久性的影响。

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Biodegradation of Functionalized Nanocellulose

Nanocellulose has attracted widespread interest for applications in materials science and biomedical engineering due to its natural abundance, desirable physicochemical properties, and high intrinsic mineralizability (i.e., complete biodegradability). A common strategy to increase dispersibility in polymer matrices is to modify the hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose through covalent functionalization, but such modification strategies may affect the desirable biodegradation properties exhibited by pristine nanocellulose. In this study, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) functionalized with a range of esters, carboxylic acids, or ethers exhibited decreased rates and extents of mineralization by anaerobic and aerobic microbial communities compared to unmodified CNFs, with etherified CNFs exhibiting the highest level of recalcitrance. The decreased biodegradability of functionalized CNFs depended primarily on the degree of substitution at the surface of the material rather than within the bulk. This dependence on surface chemistry was attributed not only to the large surface area-to-volume ratio of nanocellulose but also to the prerequisite surface interaction by microorganisms necessary to achieve biodegradation. Results from this study highlight the need to quantify the type and coverage of surface substituents in order to anticipate their effects on the environmental persistence of functionalized nanocellulose.

更新日期：2021-08-03

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