The practical application of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is hindered by the nonconductivity of sulfur, sluggish reaction kinetics and polysulfide shuttling. The liquid lithium polysulfide intermediates, connecting the Li–S battery electrochemical reaction of sulfur to Li₂S, play a decisive role on battery performance. Herein, Co-B_i nanosheets intimately grown on reduced graphene oxides (Co-B_i/rGO) composite has been reported for the first time to regulate the polysulfide intermediates. The Co-B_i could not only chemically trap polysulfides but also propel the acceleration of polysulfide conversion enabled by a lower free energy and decomposition energy barrier in Li–S reaction process. Therefore, the Co-B_i/rGO–S cathode delivers a high capacity of 1334 mAh g^–1 at 0.2 C, impressive rate performance up to 8 C, outstanding cycling stability over 500 cycles at 1 C, and remarkable areal capacity of 8.3 mAh cm^–2 with a high sulfur mass loading of 9.5 mg cm^–2. The chemical binding strength, the Gibbs free energy and the energy barrier for transition state from theoretical calculations give a deep insight of polysulfide regulation by Co-B_i.

硫的非导电性、缓慢的反应动力学和多硫化物穿梭阻碍了锂硫（Li-S）电池的实际应用。液态多硫化锂中间体将硫与 Li ₂ S 的锂硫电池电化学反应连接起来，对电池性能起着决定性作用。在此，CO-B组成_我纳米片紧密地生长在还原的石墨烯氧化物（CO-B_我/ RGO）复合已报道首次来调节多硫化物中间体。Co-B _i不仅可以化学捕获多硫化物，还可以通过 Li-S 反应过程中较低的自由能和分解能垒来促进多硫化物转化的加速。因此，Co-B _i/rGO–S 正极在 0.2 C 下提供 1334 mAh g ^–1的高容量，高达 8 C 的令人印象深刻的倍率性能，在 1 C 下超过 500 次循环的出色循环稳定性，以及 8.3 mAh cm ^{–2 的}显着面积容量和高9.5 mg cm ^{–2 的}硫质量负载。来自理论计算的化学结合强度、吉布斯自由能和过渡态的能垒提供了对 Co-B _i对多硫化物调节的深刻见解。