This paper quantifies the health impacts of petroleum leaks from underground storage tanks, the effectiveness of tank regulation, and the role of information as a policy tool in the same setting. Exposure to a leaking underground storage tank during gestation increases both the probability of low birth weight and preterm birth by 7-8 percent. Compliance with regulations requiring the adoption of preventative technologies mitigated the entire effect of leak exposure on low birth weight, and information increased avoidance and moving among highly educated mothers. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest the health benefits of preventative regulations exceed the upgrade cost to facilities. JEL Codes: I14, I18, Q52, Q53, Q58 ∗Vanderbilt University, Department of Economics. Email: michelle.marcus@vanderbilt.edu. I would like to thank Anna Aizer, Emily Oster, and Matthew Turner for their valuable guidance and insight; and for their helpful comments I would like to thank Kenneth Chay, Andrew Foster, Jesse Shapiro, John Friedman, Bryce Steinberg, Brian Knight, Anja Sautmann, Dan Bjorkegren, Lint Barrage, Willa Friedman, Desislava Byanova, Angelica Meinhofer, Joseph Acquah, Bruno Gasperini, Andrew Elzinga, Kanghyock Koh, Alex Eble, Daniela Scida, Nickolai Riabov, Morgan Hardy, and participants at the Brown University microeconomics seminars, ASHEcon, SOLE, and the Population Health Science Research Workshop. This research was supported by funding from Resources for the Future (RFF), the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (Grant # T32 HD007338), the Population Studies and Training Center (PSTC) at Brown University, and the Institute at Brown for Environment and Society (IBES). Any conclusions are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Florida’s Department of Health. Data were supplied by the Bureau of Health Statistics & Research, Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania Department of Health specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations or conclusions. All remaining errors are my own.

中文翻译：

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深入表面：石油污染、监管和健康

本文量化了地下储罐石油泄漏对健康的影响、储罐监管的有效性以及信息作为同一环境中政策工具的作用。怀孕期间接触泄漏的地下储罐会使低出生体重和早产的可能性增加 7-8%。遵守要求采用预防技术的法规减轻了泄漏暴露对低出生体重的整体影响，并且信息增加了受过高等教育的母亲之间的回避和流动。粗略的计算表明，预防性法规对健康的好处超过了设施的升级成本。JEL 代码：I14、I18、Q52、Q53、Q58 *范德比尔特大学经济系。电子邮件：michelle.marcus@vanderbilt.edu。我要感谢安娜·艾泽尔，Emily Oster 和 Matthew Turner 的宝贵指导和见解；并感谢他们的有益评论，感谢 Kenneth Chay、Andrew Foster、Jesse Shapiro、John Friedman、Bryce Steinberg、Brian Knight、Anja Sautmann、Dan Bjorkegren、Lint Barrage、Willa Friedman、Desislava Byanova、Angelica Meinhofer、Joseph Acquah、Bruno Gasperini、Andrew Elzinga、Kanghyock Koh、Alex Eble、Daniela Scida、Nickolai Riabov、Morgan Hardy，以及布朗大学微观经济学研讨会、ASHEcon、SOLE 和人口健康科学研究研讨会的参与者。这项研究得到了未来资源 (RFF)、国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所 (Grant # T32 HD007338)、布朗大学人口研究和培训中心 (PSTC) 的资助，和布朗环境与社会研究所 (IBES)。任何结论都是作者自己的，并不一定反映佛罗里达州卫生部的意见。数据由宾夕法尼亚州哈里斯堡宾夕法尼亚州卫生统计与研究局提供。宾夕法尼亚州卫生部明确拒绝对任何分析、解释或结论承担责任。所有剩余的错误都是我自己的。