This paper investigates the derivation of the compound pointing - stock , glossed as ‘a person pointed at; an object of scorn, derision or ridicule’ by the Oxford English Dictionary (henceforth OED ). It proposes a metonymic derivation as an alternative to the metaphorical derivation given by the OED for stock -compounds, drawing on the evidence of other words whose meanings show an extension from container to content and more specifically from instrument of punishment to person punished by the instrument . It is argued that the emergence of this type of compound in the late medieval and early modern periods relates to an increase of the use of stocks for shaming punishments and that the verbal nouns that form the first part of stock -compounds describe the treatment people in the stocks were exposed to.

中文翻译：

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“一个指向 euery 的指针，通过 vp 和 downe”：中世纪晚期和现代早期英语调侃术语中的转喻

本文研究了复合指点杆的推导，被解释为“一个人被指点；牛津英语词典（以下简称 OED）中的“蔑视、嘲笑或嘲笑的对象”。它提出了一个转喻派生，作为 OED 对股票化合物的隐喻派生的替代，借鉴了其他词的证据，这些词的含义显示了从容器到内容的扩展，更具体地说，从惩罚工具到被​​工具惩罚的人. 有人认为，这种类型的化合物在中世纪晚期和现代早期的出现与用于羞辱惩罚的股票的使用增加有关，并且构成股票化合物第一部分的动词名词描述了人们在股票被暴露。