N-甲基中卟啉 IX 作为 G-四链体 DNA 的高选择性发光探针,Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines

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N-甲基中卟啉 IX 作为 G-四链体 DNA 的高选择性发光探针
Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-09 , DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619300179
Ariana Yett ₁ , Linda Yingqi Lin ₁ , Dana Beseiso ₁ , Joanne Miao ₁ , Liliya A Yatsunyk ₁

Affiliation

[分子式：见正文]-甲基中卟啉 IX (NMM) 是一种水溶性、非对称卟啉，具有优异的光学特性和对 G-四链体 (GQ) DNA 无与伦比的选择性。G-四链体是由富含鸟嘌呤的序列形成的非规范 DNA 结构。它们与基因组稳定性、寿命和癌症有关。NMM 选择性识别 GQ 结构的能力使其成为设计新型 GQ 结合物的有价值的支架。在这篇综述中，我们调查了描述 NMM 的 GQ 结合特性及其在化学和生物学中广泛用途的文献。我们首先发现 NMM 的 GQ 结合特性并开发 NMM 结合适体。然后我们讨论 NMM 的光学特性，重点关注光开关效应——NMM 与 GQ DNA 结合后诱导的高荧光。此外，我们还检查了 NMM 对 GQ 的亲和力和选择性，以及其稳定 GQ 结构和有利于平行 GQ 构象的能力。此外，该综述的一部分致力于 NMM-GQ 复合物作为重金属、小分子（[分子式：见文本] ATP 和农药）、DNA 和蛋白质生物传感器的应用。最后也是重要的是，我们讨论了 NMM 作为探针来研究 GQ 在生物过程中的作用的实用性。

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N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX as a highly selective light-up probe for G-quadruplex DNA

[Formula: see text]-methyl mesoporphyrin IX (NMM) is a water-soluble, non-symmetric porphyrin with excellent optical properties and unparalleled selectivity for G-quadruplex (GQ) DNA. G-quadruplexes are non-canonical DNA structures formed by guanine-rich sequences. They are implicated in genomic stability, longevity, and cancer. The ability of NMM to selectively recognize GQ structures makes it a valuable scaffold for designing novel GQ binders. In this review, we survey the literature describing the GQ-binding properties of NMM as well as its wide utility in chemistry and biology. We start with the discovery of the GQ-binding properties of NMM and the development of NMM-binding aptamers. We then discuss the optical properties of NMM, focusing on the light-switch effect — high fluorescence of NMM induced upon its binding to GQ DNA. Additionally, we examine the affinity and selectivity of NMM for GQs, as well as its ability to stabilize GQ structures and favor parallel GQ conformations. Furthermore, a portion of the review is dedicated to the applications of NMM-GQ complexes as biosensors for heavy metals, small molecules ([Formula: see text] ATP and pesticides), DNA, and proteins. Finally and importantly, we discuss the utility of NMM as a probe to investigate the roles of GQs in biological processes.

更新日期：2019-10-09

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