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Nucleic Acid Tests for Clinical Translation
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00241 Min Li 1 , Fangfei Yin 1 , Lu Song 1, 2 , Xiuhai Mao 1 , Fan Li 1 , Chunhai Fan 3 , Xiaolei Zuo 1, 3 , Qiang Xia 1
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00241 Min Li 1 , Fangfei Yin 1 , Lu Song 1, 2 , Xiuhai Mao 1 , Fan Li 1 , Chunhai Fan 3 , Xiaolei Zuo 1, 3 , Qiang Xia 1
Affiliation
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Nucleic acids, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), are natural biopolymers composed of nucleotides that store, transmit, and express genetic information. Overexpressed or underexpressed as well as mutated nucleic acids have been implicated in many diseases. Therefore, nucleic acid tests (NATs) are extremely important. Inspired by intracellular DNA replication and RNA transcription, in vitro NATs have been extensively developed to improve the detection specificity, sensitivity, and simplicity. The principles of NATs can be in general classified into three categories: nucleic acid hybridization, thermal-cycle or isothermal amplification, and signal amplification. Driven by pressing needs in clinical diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases, NATs have evolved to be a rapidly advancing field. During the past ten years, an explosive increase of research interest in both basic research and clinical translation has been witnessed. In this review, we aim to provide comprehensive coverage of the progress to analyze nucleic acids, use nucleic acids as recognition probes, construct detection devices based on nucleic acids, and utilize nucleic acids in clinical diagnosis and other important fields. We also discuss the new frontiers in the field and the challenges to be addressed.
中文翻译：
用于临床转化的核酸检测
核酸，包括脱氧核糖核酸 (DNA) 和核糖核酸 (RNA)，是由存储、传递和表达遗传信息的核苷酸组成的天然生物聚合物。过度表达或表达不足以及突变的核酸与许多疾病有关。因此，核酸检测（NATs）非常重要。受细胞内 DNA 复制和 RNA 转录的启发，在体外NAT 已被广泛开发以提高检测的特异性、灵敏度和简单性。NAT的原理一般可分为三类：核酸杂交、热循环或等温扩增以及信号放大。在传染病临床诊断和预防的迫切需求的推动下，NAT 已发展成为一个快速发展的领域。在过去的十年中，基础研究和临床转化的研究兴趣呈爆炸式增长。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面介绍核酸分析、使用核酸作为识别探针、构建基于核酸的检测装置以及将核酸用于临床诊断和其他重要领域的进展。
更新日期：2021-09-08
中文翻译：
用于临床转化的核酸检测
核酸，包括脱氧核糖核酸 (DNA) 和核糖核酸 (RNA)，是由存储、传递和表达遗传信息的核苷酸组成的天然生物聚合物。过度表达或表达不足以及突变的核酸与许多疾病有关。因此，核酸检测（NATs）非常重要。受细胞内 DNA 复制和 RNA 转录的启发，在体外NAT 已被广泛开发以提高检测的特异性、灵敏度和简单性。NAT的原理一般可分为三类：核酸杂交、热循环或等温扩增以及信号放大。在传染病临床诊断和预防的迫切需求的推动下，NAT 已发展成为一个快速发展的领域。在过去的十年中，基础研究和临床转化的研究兴趣呈爆炸式增长。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面介绍核酸分析、使用核酸作为识别探针、构建基于核酸的检测装置以及将核酸用于临床诊断和其他重要领域的进展。
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