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Preparation and Properties of NC/TATB/Bu-NENA/TMETN Low Sensitive Gun Propellants
Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 , DOI: 10.1002/prep.202100147 Yufang Song 1 , Leqin Xiao 1 , Weiliang Zhou 1 , Xu He 1
Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 , DOI: 10.1002/prep.202100147 Yufang Song 1 , Leqin Xiao 1 , Weiliang Zhou 1 , Xu He 1
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Safety improvements in the field of energetic materials promoted the development of insensitive gun propellants. A low sensitive gun propellant was prepared by traditional extrusion using nitrocellulose (NC) as a binder, 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) as insensitive solid energetic filler, N-butyl-N-nitramine (Bu-NENA) as insensitive plasticizer, trimethylolethane trinitrate (TMETN) as co-plasticizer, and graphite as thermal conductive filler. The density of gun propellants obtained was 1.611 g ⋅ cm−3 which was almost equaled to the theoretical density of 1.615 g ⋅ cm−3. The gun propellants exhibited excellent mechanical properties, especially cryogenic mechanical property, with the impact strength of 12.4 kJ ⋅ m−2 and the compressive strength of 157.1 MPa at −40 °C. The closed bomb test was conducted to investigate the energy and combustion performance. The results showed that the gun propellants had stable and regular combustion properties at a pressure up to 600 MPa. The burning rate pressure index n was about 1, and the impetus f and covolume α were 1045 kJ ⋅ kg−1 and 0.9764 cm3 ⋅ g−1 respectively. The vulnerabilities of the prepared gun propellants were evaluated by bullet impact, fragment impacts, sympathetic detonation, fast cook-off, and slow cook-off tests. The results showed that no response that was more severe than burning in test bombs was observed in bullet impact, fast cook-off, and slow cook-off tests under the given conditions. Moreover, a partially combustion reaction occurred in the fragment impact test with no obvious burning reaction in the sympathetic detonation test. It demonstrates that the prepared gun propellants possess good low vulnerability characteristics.
中文翻译：
NC/TATB/Bu-NENA/TMETN低敏火炮推进剂的制备及性能
含能材料领域的安全改进促进了钝感火炮推进剂的发展。以硝化纤维素（NC）为粘合剂，1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯（TATB）为不敏感固体高能填料，N-丁基-N-硝胺，采用传统挤压法制备低敏火炮推进剂（Bu-NENA）作为不敏感增塑剂，三羟甲基三硝酸酯（TMETN）作为助增塑剂，石墨作为导热填料。获得的火炮推进剂的密度为1.611 g ⋅ cm -3，这几乎等于1.615 g ⋅ cm -3的理论密度。火炮推进剂表现出优异的力学性能，尤其是低温力学性能，冲击强度为12.4 kJ ⋅ m -2-40 °C 时的抗压强度为 157.1 MPa。进行密闭弹试验以研究能量和燃烧性能。结果表明，火炮推进剂在高达600 MPa的压力下具有稳定、规律的燃烧性能。燃烧速率压力指数n约为1，推力f和covolume α分别为1045 kJ ⋅ kg -1和0.9764 cm 3 ⋅ g -1分别。通过子弹撞击、碎片撞击、交感爆轰、快速燃烧和慢速燃烧测试评估了制备的火炮推进剂的脆弱性。结果表明，在给定条件下，在子弹撞击、快速燃烧和慢速燃烧测试中，没有观察到比在试验炸弹中燃烧更严重的反应。此外，在碎片撞击试验中发生了部分燃烧反应，在交感爆轰试验中没有明显的燃烧反应。表明制备的火炮推进剂具有良好的低易损性。
更新日期：2021-09-07
中文翻译：
NC/TATB/Bu-NENA/TMETN低敏火炮推进剂的制备及性能
含能材料领域的安全改进促进了钝感火炮推进剂的发展。以硝化纤维素（NC）为粘合剂，1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯（TATB）为不敏感固体高能填料，N-丁基-N-硝胺，采用传统挤压法制备低敏火炮推进剂（Bu-NENA）作为不敏感增塑剂，三羟甲基三硝酸酯（TMETN）作为助增塑剂，石墨作为导热填料。获得的火炮推进剂的密度为1.611 g ⋅ cm -3，这几乎等于1.615 g ⋅ cm -3的理论密度。火炮推进剂表现出优异的力学性能，尤其是低温力学性能，冲击强度为12.4 kJ ⋅ m -2-40 °C 时的抗压强度为 157.1 MPa。进行密闭弹试验以研究能量和燃烧性能。结果表明，火炮推进剂在高达600 MPa的压力下具有稳定、规律的燃烧性能。燃烧速率压力指数n约为1，推力f和covolume α分别为1045 kJ ⋅ kg -1和0.9764 cm 3 ⋅ g -1分别。通过子弹撞击、碎片撞击、交感爆轰、快速燃烧和慢速燃烧测试评估了制备的火炮推进剂的脆弱性。结果表明，在给定条件下，在子弹撞击、快速燃烧和慢速燃烧测试中，没有观察到比在试验炸弹中燃烧更严重的反应。此外，在碎片撞击试验中发生了部分燃烧反应，在交感爆轰试验中没有明显的燃烧反应。表明制备的火炮推进剂具有良好的低易损性。
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