Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals Part II: New Industrially Produced Materials,Langmuir

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Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals Part II: New Industrially Produced Materials
Langmuir ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00550
Gwendoline Delepierre _{1,

2} , Oriana M Vanderfleet _{1,

3} , Elina Niinivaara _{1,

4} , Behzad Zakani ₅ , Emily D Cranston _{1,

6}

Affiliation

The demand for industrially produced cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has been growing since 2012, when CelluForce Inc. opened its inaugural demonstration plant with a production capacity of 1 tonne per day. Currently, there are 10 industrial CNC producers worldwide, each producing a unique material. Thus, academic researchers and commercial users alike must consider the properties of all available CNCs and carefully select the material which will optimize the performance of their desired application. To support these efforts, this article presents a thorough characterization of four new industrially produced CNCs including sulfated CNCs from NORAM Engineering and Constructors Ltd. (in cooperation with InnoTech Alberta and Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc.) and Melodea Ltd., as well as carboxylated CNCs from Anomera Inc. and Blue Goose Biorefineries Inc. These materials were benchmarked against typical lab-made, sulfated CNCs. While all CNCs were similar in size, shape, crystallinity, and suspension quality, the sulfated CNCs had a higher surface charge density than their carboxylated counterparts, leading to higher colloidal stability. Additionally, significant differences in the rheological profiles of aqueous CNC suspensions, as well as CNC thermal stability and self-assembly behavior, were observed. As such, this article highlights both the subtle and significant differences between five CNC types and acts as a guide for end-users looking to optimize the performance of CNC-based materials.

中文翻译：

纤维素纳米晶体的基准测试第二部分：新型工业生产材料

自 2012 年以来，对工业生产的纤维素纳米晶体 (CNC) 的需求一直在增长，当时 CelluForce Inc. 开设了其首家示范工厂，产能为每天 1 吨。目前，全球有 10 家工业 CNC 生产商，每家生产一种独特的材料。因此，学术研究人员和商业用户必须考虑所有可用 CNC 的特性，并仔细选择能够优化其所需应用性能的材料。为了支持这些努力，本文对四种新型工业化 CNC 进行了全面表征，包括来自 NORAM Engineering and Constructors Ltd.（与 InnoTech Alberta 和 Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc. 合作）和 Melodea Ltd. 的硫酸化 CNC，以及来自 Anomera Inc. 的羧化 CNC。和 Blue Goose Biorefineries Inc. 这些材料以典型实验室制造的硫酸化 CNC 为基准。虽然所有 CNC 在尺寸、形状、结晶度和悬浮质量方面都相似，但硫酸化 CNC 的表面电荷密度高于羧化 CNC，从而导致更高的胶体稳定性。此外，还观察到水性 CNC 悬浮液的流变特性以及 CNC 热稳定性和自组装行为的显着差异。因此，本文重点介绍了五种 CNC 类型之间的细微和显着差异，并为希望优化基于 CNC 材料的性能的最终用户提供指导。硫酸化的 CNC 比羧化的 CNC 具有更高的表面电荷密度，从而导致更高的胶体稳定性。此外，还观察到水性 CNC 悬浮液的流变特性以及 CNC 热稳定性和自组装行为的显着差异。因此，本文重点介绍了五种 CNC 类型之间的细微和显着差异，并为希望优化基于 CNC 材料的性能的最终用户提供指导。硫酸化的 CNC 比羧化的 CNC 具有更高的表面电荷密度，从而导致更高的胶体稳定性。此外，还观察到水性 CNC 悬浮液的流变特性以及 CNC 热稳定性和自组装行为的显着差异。因此，本文重点介绍了五种 CNC 类型之间的细微和显着差异，并为希望优化基于 CNC 材料的性能的最终用户提供指导。

更新日期：2021-07-20

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