Series of twenty-five benzyl (2S)-2-(arylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylates was prepared and completely characterized. All the compounds were tested for their in vitro ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and the selectivity of compounds to individual cholinesterases was determined. Screening of the cytotoxicity of all the compounds was performed using a human monocytic leukaemia THP-1 cell line, and the compounds demonstrated insignificant toxicity. All the compounds showed rather moderate inhibitory effect against AChE; benzyl (2S)-2-[(2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (IC50 = 46.35 μM) was the most potent agent. On the other hand, benzyl (2S)-2-[(4-bromophenyl)-] and benzyl (2S)-2-[(2-bromophenyl)carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylates expressed anti-BChE activity (IC50 = 28.21 and 27.38 μM, respectively) comparable with that of rivastigmine. The ortho-brominated compound as well as benzyl (2S)-2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate demonstrated greater selectivity to BChE. The in silico characterization of the structure–inhibitory potency for the set of proline-based carbamates considering electronic, steric and lipophilic properties was provided using comparative molecular surface analysis (CoMSA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Moreover, the systematic space inspection with splitting data into the training/test subset was performed to monitor the statistical estimators performance in the effort to map the probability-guided pharmacophore pattern. The comprehensive screening of the AChE/BChE profile revealed potentially relevant structural and physicochemical features that might be essential for mapping of the carbamates inhibition efficiency indicating qualitative variations exerted on the reaction site by the substituent in the 3′-/4′-position of the phenyl ring. In addition, the investigation was completed by a molecular docking study of recombinant human AChE.

中文翻译：

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基于脯氨酸的氨基甲酸酯作为胆碱酯酶抑制剂

制备并完全表征了二十五个苄基 (2S)-2-(芳基氨基甲酰基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯系列。测试了所有化合物的体外抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 和丁酰胆碱酯酶 (BChE) 的能力，并确定了化合物对单个胆碱酯酶的选择性。使用人单核细胞白血病 THP-1 细胞系对所有化合物的细胞毒性进行了筛选，这些化合物显示出微不足道的毒性。所有化合物对AChE均表现出中等程度的抑制作用；苄基 (2S)-2-[(2-氯苯基)氨基甲酰基]吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯 (IC50 = 46.35 μM) 是最有效的药物。另一方面，苄基 (2S)-2-[(4-溴苯基)-] 和苄基 (2S)-2-[(2-溴苯基)氨基甲酰基]吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯表达抗 BChE 活性 (IC50 = 28.21和 27。分别为 38 μM）与利凡斯的明相当。邻溴化化合物以及 (2S)-2-[(2-羟基苯基)氨基甲酰基]吡咯烷-1-羧酸苄酯对 BChE 表现出更高的选择性。使用比较分子表面分析 (CoMSA) 和主成分分析 (PCA) 提供了考虑电子、空间和亲脂性的一组脯氨酸氨基甲酸酯的结构抑制效力的计算机表征。此外，还进行了将数据拆分为训练/测试子集的系统空间检查，以监控统计估计器的性能，以绘制概率引导的药效团模式。AChE/BChE 谱的综合筛选揭示了潜在相关的结构和物理化学特征，这些特征可能对绘制氨基甲酸酯抑制效率至关重要，表明 3'-/4'-位置的取代基对反应位点施加的定性变化。苯环。此外，通过重组人AChE的分子对接研究完成了调查。