For satisfying various demands of water-oil emulsions separation, a Janus cellulose nanocomposite membrane has been fabricated in this study. Specifically, the cellulose paper with the superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties served as the substrate, meanwhile the PVDF/hydrophobic-SiO₂ nanocomposite were successfully assembled to the top of substrate with the adhesion of PU by the technologies of high pressure spraying and electrostatic spinning for obtaining the superhydrophobic and superoleophilic layer. Under the action of gravity, Janus cellulose nanocomposite membrane effectively separated the water-in-oil emulsions when PVDF/hydrophobic-SiO₂ nanocomposite layer (obverse) was on the top, and removed the small oil droplets from its oil-in-water emulsions when the cellulose layer (reverse) was on the top. Notably, the Janus cellulose nanocomposite membrane could complete the selective one-way transmission when the gravity effect was excluded. Moreover, the results of resistance against acid and base, abrasion resistance, filtration efficiency, repeatability, flux, etc. confirmed the remarkable superwetting durability and high selectivity of Janus cellulose nanocomposite membrane towards various emulsions, suggesting its enormous potential in practical water-oil separation.

为了满足水油乳液分离的各种需求，本研究制备了 Janus 纤维素纳米复合膜。具体而言，以具有超亲水和水下超疏油特性的纤维素纸为基材，同时通过高压喷涂和静电纺丝技术将PVDF/疏水-SiO ₂纳米复合材料成功组装到基材顶部，并附着PU。获得超疏水和超亲油层。在重力作用下，Janus 纤维素纳米复合膜可有效分离 PVDF/疏水性 SiO ₂时的油包水乳液纳米复合材料层（正面）在顶部，当纤维素层（背面）在顶部时，从其水包油乳液中去除小油滴。值得注意的是，当排除重力效应时，Janus 纤维素纳米复合膜可以完成选择性单向传输。此外，抗酸碱、耐磨性、过滤效率、重复性、通量等结果证实了Janus纤维素纳米复合膜对各种乳液具有显着的超润湿耐久性和高选择性，表明其在实际水油分离中的巨大潜力.