Functional signals and covariation in triquetrum and hamate shape of extant primates using 3D geometric morphometrics,Journal of Morphology

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Functional signals and covariation in triquetrum and hamate shape of extant primates using 3D geometric morphometrics
Journal of Morphology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-05 , DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21393
Marie J M Vanhoof ₁ , Lorenzo Galletta ₂ , Isabelle De Groote _{3,

4} , Evie E Vereecke ₁

Affiliation

In this study, we want to investigate the covariation in the shape of two carpal bones, the triquetrum and hamate, and the possible association with locomotor behavior in a broad range of primate taxa. We applied 3D Geometric Morphometrics on a large data set comprising 309 anthropoid primates of 12 different genera. Principal component analyses were performed on the covariance matrix of 18 (triquetrum) and 23 (hamate) Procrustes-aligned surface landmarks. A two-block partial least square analysis was done to test the covariance between triquetrum and hamate shape, without relying on the predictive models implicit in regression analyses. The results show that the carpal shape of quadrupedal anthropoids, which mainly use their wrist under compressive conditions, differs from that of suspensory primates as their wrist is possibly subjected to tensile and torsional forces. Within the hominids, differences in shape also distinguish more terrestrial from more arboreal species. Even within the great apes, we are able to capture shape differences between species of the same genus. In combination with behavioral and biomechanical studies, the results of this research can be used to establish form-function relationships of the primate hand which will aid the functional interpretation of primate fossil remains.

中文翻译：

使用 3D 几何形态计量学研究现存灵长类动物三角骨和钩骨形状的功能信号和协变

在这项研究中，我们想要调查两个腕骨、三角骨和钩骨的形状的协变，以及与广泛灵长类动物分类群中运动行为的可能关联。我们在包含 12 个不同属的 309 只类人猿灵长类动物的大型数据集上应用了 3D 几何形态测量学。对 18 个（三角骨）和 23 个（hamate）Procrustes 对齐的表面标志的协方差矩阵进行了主成分分析。进行了两块偏最小二乘分析以测试三角骨和钩骨形状之间的协方差，而不依赖于回归分析中隐含的预测模型。结果表明，四足类人猿的腕骨形状，主要在压缩条件下使用手腕，与悬吊灵长类动物不同，因为它们的手腕可能会受到拉力和扭转力的影响。在原始人类中，形状的差异也将更多的陆生物种与更多的树栖物种区分开来。即使在类人猿中，我们也能够捕捉到同一属物种之间的形状差异。结合行为和生物力学研究，该研究结果可用于建立灵长类手的形态-功能关系，这将有助于对灵长类化石遗骸的功能解释。

更新日期：2021-08-09

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