量化环境变化期间类群生态位的相对稳定性,包括确定生态位扩展、稳定性和收缩的环境控制,对于了解类群和群落如何随时间变化很重要。在这项研究中,我们使用生态位模型来量化在晚奥陶世时代的 Sandbian 到 Katian 阶段期间生态位动态和东部 Laurentian 腕足动物属的稳定性的趋势。使用排序方法量化生态位动态以评估时间片之间的生态位稳定性、扩展和未填充,并计算 D 和 I 统计数据以评估时间片之间的生态位相似性和等效性。腕足动物属在重建的 Sandbian 和早期 Katian 生态位之间表现出显着的生态位扩张和有限的生态位稳定性。相反,早期 Katian 和晚期 Katian 生态位之间的比较表明生态位稳定性、相似性和等效性水平很高,但生态位扩展或未填充有限。没有单一的非生物或生物因果驱动因素与观察到的模式一致。生态位动态和稳定性的模式最好通过将构造、海平面和气候与沉积盆地、物种形成和扩散过程的地理联系和断开联系起来的反馈回路来解释。在 Sandbian 至早 Katian 间隔期间,盆地之间的间歇性扩散事件与盆地隔离交替;这个周期促进了多样化,这表现为属水平的生态位扩张。在卡提安晚期,盆地连通性增加,促进了广泛的区域扩散事件。入侵类群缺乏隔离和传播阻碍了物种形成。这减少了生态位扩张,并且属表现出生态位保护作为主要的生态位反应。这些结果表明,通用生态位分析可以作为潜在多样性动态的有用代理,并强调在考虑进化模式和过程时考虑分散和隔离的重要性。长期生态位响应的调查应考虑更广泛的生态和地理背景,其中包括多样性和分散的影响。入侵类群的缺乏隔离和传播阻碍了物种形成。这减少了生态位扩张,并且属表现出生态位保护作为主要的生态位反应。这些结果表明,通用生态位分析可以作为潜在多样性动态的有用代理,并强调在考虑进化模式和过程时考虑分散和隔离的重要性。长期生态位响应的调查应考虑更广泛的生态和地理背景,其中包括多样性和分散的影响。入侵类群缺乏隔离和传播阻碍了物种形成。这减少了生态位扩张,并且属表现出生态位保护作为主要的生态位反应。这些结果表明,通用生态位分析可以作为潜在多样性动态的有用代理,并强调在考虑进化模式和过程时考虑分散和隔离的重要性。长期生态位响应的调查应考虑更广泛的生态和地理背景,其中包括多样性和分散的影响。这些结果表明,通用生态位分析可以作为潜在多样性动态的有用代理,并强调在考虑进化模式和过程时考虑分散和隔离的重要性。长期生态位响应的调查应考虑更广泛的生态和地理背景,其中包括多样性和分散的影响。这些结果表明,通用生态位分析可以作为潜在多样性动态的有用代理,并强调在考虑进化模式和过程时考虑分散和隔离的重要性。长期生态位响应的调查应考虑更广泛的生态和地理背景,其中包括多样性和分散的影响。
"点击查看英文标题和摘要"
Ecological niche evolution, speciation, and feedback loops: Investigating factors promoting niche evolution in Ordovician brachiopods of eastern Laurentia
Quantifying the relative stability of ecological niches of taxa during intervals of environmental change including determining the environmental controls of niche expansion, stability, and contraction is important for understanding of how taxa and communities change through time. In this study, we used ecological niche modeling to quantify trends in niche dynamics and the stability of eastern Laurentian brachiopod genera during the Sandbian through Katian Stages of the Late Ordovician Epoch. Niche dynamics were quantified using ordination methods to assess niche stability, expansion, and unfilling between time slices, and D and I statistics were calculated to assess niche similarity and equivalency between time slices. Brachiopod genera exhibited substantial niche expansion and limited niche stability between their reconstructed Sandbian and early Katian niches. Conversely, comparisons between early Katian and late Katian niches indicated high levels of niche stability, similarity, and equivalency but limited niche expansion or unfilling. No singular abiotic or biotic causal driver is consistent with the observed patterns. Patterns of niche dynamics and stability are best explained by a feedback loop linking tectonics, sea level, and climate with geographic connection and disconnection of depositional basins, speciation, and dispersal processes. During the Sandbian to early Katian interval, intermittent dispersal events between basins alternated with basin isolation; this cycle fostered increased diversification, which manifests as niche expansion at the genus level. During the late Katian, basin connectivity increased facilitating widespread regional dispersal events. The lack of isolation and spread of invasive taxa hindered speciation. This diminished niche expansion, and genera exhibited niche conservation as the primary niche response. These results indicate that generic niche analysis can be a useful proxy for underlying diversity dynamics and emphasize the importance of incorporating dispersal and isolation when considering evolutionary patterns and processes. Investigations of niche response over long intervals should consider both broader ecological and geographic context that incorporates the influence of diversity and dispersal.