Plants of the Schisandraceae family contain a variety of pharmacologically active lignans like schizandrin, deoxyschizandrin, deangeloylgomisin B, gomisin A, gomisin O, gamma-schizandrin and isogomisin O. Here we have compared the composition of different polar and non-polar extracts of Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis. We also have screened the extracts for antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects in different cell-based and cell-free assays. Extracts produced with the non-polar solvents CO(2), hexane and CO(2)/5% ethanol had a similar composition. In contrast, polar extraction with ethanol provided a considerably higher yield, but a lower content of volatiles and lignans in comparison to the non-polar extracts. The proliferation of the epidermal cell lines HaCaT and A431 was dose-dependently inhibited by both the Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis extracts, the non-polar extracts being superior to the polar ones. The non-polar Schisandra sphenanthera extract was the most active with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 20 microg/mL. In a cell-free enzyme inhibition assay with recombinant cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) the non-polar Schisandra sphenanthera extract dose-dependently inhibited COX-2 catalysed prostaglandin (PG) production (IC(50) = 0.2 microg/mL). It also reduced the ultraviolet-B (UVB)-induced PGE (2) production (IC(50) = 4 microg/mL) and COX-2 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes. We conclude that non-polar SChisandra extracts obtained by CO(2) extraction might be useful in the prevention and treatment of hyperproliferative and inflammatory skin diseases.

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五味子和五味子不同提取物的组成及生物活性

五味子科植物含有多种药理活性木酚素，如五味子素、脱氧五味子素、去当归素 B、五味子素 A、五味子素 O、γ-五味子素和异果味素 O。这里我们比较了五味子不同极性和非极性提取物的组成和五味子。我们还在不同的基于细胞和无细胞试验中筛选了提取物的抗增殖和抗炎作用。用非极性溶剂 CO(2)、己烷和 CO(2)/5%乙醇产生的提取物具有相似的组成。相比之下，与非极性提取物相比，用乙醇极性提取提供了相当高的产量，但挥发物和木脂素的含量较低。五味子和五味子提取物均剂量依赖性地抑制表皮细胞系HaCaT和A431的增殖，非极性提取物优于极性提取物。非极性五味子提取物是最活跃的，半数最大抑制浓度为 20 微克/毫升。在重组环氧合酶-2 (COX-2) 的无细胞酶抑制试验中，非极性五味子提取物剂量依赖性地抑制 COX-2 催化的前列腺素 (PG) 生产（IC(50) = 0.2 microg/mL）。它还减少了 HaCaT 角质形成细胞中紫外线-B (UVB) 诱导的 PGE (2) 产生 (IC(50) = 4 microg/mL) 和 COX-2 表达。