Currently, morphology optimization methods for the fused-ring nonfullerene acceptor-based polymer solar cells (PSCs) empirically follow the treatments originally developed in fullerene-based systems, being unable to meet the diverse molecular structures and strong crystallinity of the nonfullerene acceptors. Herein, a new and universal morphology controlling method is developed by applying volatilizable anthracene as solid additive. The strong crystallinity of anthracene offers the possibility to restrict the over aggregation of fused-ring nonfullerene acceptor in the process of film formation. During the kinetic process of anthracene removal in the blend under thermal annealing, donor can imbed into the remaining space of anthracene in the acceptor matrix to form well-developed nanoscale phase separation with bi-continuous interpenetrating networks. Consequently, the treatment of anthracene additive enables the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PM6:Y6-based devices to 17.02%, which is a significant improvement with regard to the PCE of 15.60% for the reference device using conventional treatments. Moreover, this morphology controlling method exhibits general application in various active layer systems to achieve better photovoltaic performance. Particularly, a remarkable PCE of 17.51% is achieved in the ternary PTQ10:Y6:PC₇₁BM-based PSCs processed by anthracene additive. The morphology optimization strategy established in this work can offer unprecedented opportunities to build state-of-the-art PSCs.

中文翻译：

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高效聚合物太阳能电池光敏层中蒽辅助形态优化

目前，基于稠环非富勒烯受体的聚合物太阳能电池 (PSC) 的形态优化方法凭经验遵循最初在基于富勒烯的系统中开发的处理方法，无法满足非富勒烯受体的多样化分子结构和强结晶度。在此，通过应用可挥发的蒽作为固体添加剂，开发了一种新的、通用的形态控制方法。蒽的强结晶性为限制稠环非富勒烯受体在成膜过程中的过度聚集提供了可能。在热退火下共混物中蒽去除的动力学过程中，供体可以嵌入受体基质中蒽的剩余空间，形成具有双连续互穿网络的发达的纳米级相分离。因此，蒽添加剂的处理使基于 PM6:Y6 的器件的功率转换效率 (PCE) 达到 17.02%，相对于使用常规处理的参考器件的 PCE 为 15.60%，这是一个显着的改进。此外，这种形态控制方法在各种有源层系统中表现出普遍应用，以实现更好的光伏性能。特别是，在三元 PTQ10:Y6:PC 中实现了 17.51% 的显着 PCE 60% 用于使用常规治疗的参考装置。此外，这种形态控制方法在各种有源层系统中表现出普遍应用，以实现更好的光伏性能。特别是，在三元 PTQ10:Y6:PC 中实现了 17.51% 的显着 PCE 60% 用于使用常规治疗的参考装置。此外，这种形态控制方法在各种有源层系统中表现出普遍应用，以实现更好的光伏性能。特别是，在三元 PTQ10:Y6:PC 中实现了 17.51% 的显着 PCE_{71 种}由蒽添加剂加工的基于 BM 的 PSC。在这项工作中建立的形态优化策略可以为构建最先进的 PSC 提供前所未有的机会。