Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable, strain-insensitive, isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching. Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now; however, it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner. In this paper, a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported. The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning, and they shrink isotropically by ~ 35–40% in area after being detached from the substrate. The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to ~ 170%, and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60% strain, which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors. The conductor possesses high stability, no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching. Moreover, the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of ~ 850 g m⁻² day⁻¹, which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions, indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin. The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography (EMG) electrodes, showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

---

基于可收缩电纺纤维毡的高度可拉伸和可渗透的导体

可穿戴的皮肤电极或导体应具有透湿性、应变不敏感、各向同性可拉伸且在循环拉伸下稳定。到目前为止，已经提出了各种策略来制备所需的导体；然而，以简单的方式制造具有上述特性的它们是一个挑战。在本文中，报道了一种基于电纺氟橡胶纤维垫的高渗透性和可拉伸导体。纤维在静电纺丝过程中在电场中进行预拉伸，从基材上分离后，它们的面积各向同性收缩约 35-40%。获得的纤维毡导体表现出高达 170% 的高拉伸性，并且在 60% 应变下电阻变化仅为 0.8，优于许多其他应变不敏感导体。导体具有高稳定性，洗涤和循环拉伸后未观察到裂纹或结构损坏。此外，导体具有透汽性，水汽透过率为 ~ 850 g m^-2 天^-1，这与环境条件下的正常水分蒸发相当，表明它在皮肤上使用时不会干扰汗液蒸发。该导体已成功用作可拉伸纱线和肌电图 (EMG) 电极，在电子纺织品和皮肤应用中显示出高可靠性。

图形摘要