This study reports fluorine-doped titanium suboxide anode for electrochemical mineralization of hydrophobic micro-contaminant, tetrabromobisphenol A. Fluorinated TiSO anode promoted electro-generated hydroxyl radicals (•OH) with higher selectivity and activity, due to increased O₂ evolution potential and more loosely interaction with hydrophobic electrode surface. For electro-oxidation process, fluorine doping had an insignificant impact on outer-sphere reaction and exerted inhibition on inner-sphere reaction, as indicated by cyclic voltammogram performed on Ru(NH₃)₆^3+/2+, Fe(CN)₆^3−/4− and Fe^3+/2+ redox couple. This facilitated electrochemical conversion of TBBPA and intermediates via more efficient outer-sphere reaction and hydroxylation route. Additionally, generated O₂ micro-bubbles could be stabilized on hydrophobic F-doped TiSO anode, which extended the three-phase boundary available for interfacial enrichment of TBBPA and subsequent mineralization. Under action of these comprehensive factors, 0.5% F-doped TiSO electrochemically reactive membrane could achieve 99.7% mineralization of TBBPA upon energy consumption of 0.52 kWh m^-3 at current density of 7.8±0.24 mA cm^-2 (3.75 V vs SHE) and flow rate of 1628 LHM based on flow-through electrolysis. The modified anode exhibited superior performances compared with un-modified one with more efficient TBBPA removal, less toxic intermediate accumulation and lower energy consumption. The results may have important implications for electrochemical removal and detoxification of hydrophobic micro-pollutants.

本研究报告了氟掺杂的低氧化钛阳极用于疏水性微污染物四溴双酚 A 的电化学矿化。氟化 TiSO 阳极促进了具有更高选择性和活性的电生成羟基自由基 (•OH)，因为 O ₂析出电位增加且更松散与疏水电极表面相互作用。对于电氧化过程，氟掺杂对外球反应的影响不显着，对内球反应产生抑制作用，如对Ru(NH ₃ ) ₆ ^3+/2+ , Fe(CN) _{6 的}循环伏安图所示^3-/4-和 Fe ^3+/2+氧化还原对。这通过更有效的外球反应和羟基化途径促进了 TBBPA 和中间体的电化学转化。此外，生成的 O ₂微气泡可以稳定在疏水性掺杂 F 的 TiSO 阳极上，这扩展了可用于 TBBPA 界面富集和后续矿化的三相边界。下的这些综合因素作用，0.5％F掺杂TISO电化学反应性膜可以实现TBBPA的在0.52千瓦时米的能量消耗99.7％矿化^-3在7.8±0.24电流密度 毫安 厘米^-2（3.75 V vs SHE) 和基于流通电解的 1628 LHM 的流速。与未改性阳极相比，改性阳极表现出优异的性能，具有更有效的 TBBPA 去除、更少的有毒中间体积累和更低的能耗。该结果可能对疏水性微污染物的电化学去除和解毒具有重要意义。