Construction of multi-interface contact step-scheme (S-scheme) photocatalyst is a promising pathway to achieve high-electron transfer efficiency for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction. In this paper, g-C₃N₄ nanosheets were selected as the main photocatalyst, rod-like CeO₂ (R-CeO₂) with unique Ce⁴⁺→Ce³⁺ conversion property and rGO were loaded on the g-C₃N₄ surface to construct 2D-1D-2D sandwich photocatalyst. The yields of CO and CH₄ were about 63.18 and 32.67 μmol/g after 4 h when the rGO/R-CeO₂/g-C₃N₄ was used as catalyst, which were about 4 and 6 times higher than that of pure CN, respectively. Cyclic experiments proved that the composite had excellent photocatalytic and material stability. Photoelectrochemical tests showed that the construction of S-scheme electron transfer model and the introduction of rGO can great enhance the electron transmission and separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. CO₂ adsorption test identified that the loading of R-CeO₂ and rGO obviously enhanced the CO₂ adsorption ability of pure g-C₃N₄. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations used to analyze the electron transfer path and the formation of the build-in electric field at the semiconductor interface. In-situ FTIR and ¹³CO₂ element-tracer detection carried out to research the process of CO₂ photoreduction. A possible multi-interface contact S-scheme electron transfer mechanism for enhanced CO₂ photoreduction activity has been discussed.

多界面接触阶梯式（S-scheme）光催化剂的构建是实现光催化CO ₂还原高电子转移效率的有希望的途径。在本文中，选择gC ₃ N ₄纳米片作为主要的光催化剂，将具有独特Ce ⁴⁺ →Ce ³⁺转化性能的棒状CeO ₂ (R-CeO ₂ )和rGO负载在gC ₃ N ₄表面上以构建2D-1D-2D夹心光催化剂。当rGO/R-CeO ₂ /gC ₃ N ₄ 4 h后CO和CH ₄的产率分别为63.18和32.67 μmol/g用作催化剂，分别比纯 CN 高约 4 倍和 6 倍。循环实验证明该复合材料具有优异的光催化和材料稳定性。光电化学测试表明，S-scheme电子转移模型的构建和rGO的引入可以极大地增强光生电子-空穴对的电子传输和分离。CO ₂吸附试验表明，R-CeO ₂和rGO的负载明显增强了纯gC ₃ N ₄对CO _{2 的}吸附能力。密度泛函理论 (DFT) 计算用于分析电子转移路径和半导体界面内建电场的形成。进行原位FTIR 和¹³ CO ₂元素示踪剂检测以研究 CO _{2 光}还原过程。已经讨论了用于增强 CO _{2 光}还原活性的可能的多界面接触 S 型电子转移机制。