Warm-mix flame retardant asphalt (WF-A) is widely used in tunnel pavement owing to its positive construction and workability, as well as excellent flame retardant performance. When flame retardant (FR) improves the flame retardancy of asphalt binders and warm mix agent reduces the construction temperatures, the combined effects of the two additives on asphalt binders’ performances need to be studied. In this study, through orthogonal experimental design, limiting oxygen index (LOI) test and viscosity test, the optimum WF-A was selected. Afterward, the service performances of WF-A were comparative analyzed with warm mixing asphalt, SBS modified asphalt and flame retardant asphalt, including construction temperatures, high-temperature rheological property and aging resistance. Additionally, the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission are assessed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results show that the optimum WF-A is that with the content ratio of 3.5% EC-120 and 8% FRMAX under the mixing temperature of 150 °C, and warm mix agent (EC-120) can obviously reduce the high-temperature viscosity of SBS modified asphalt binder, and increase the high-temperature fluidity; flame retardant (FRMAX) adversely affects the viscosity reducing effect of EC-120. The additions of the two additives are not conductive to the aging resistance of asphalt. Besides, both EC-120 and FRMAX have the effect of reducing asphalt fumes, and the optimum WF-A can reduce VOC emissions by 45.5% compared with SBS modified asphalt binder. The study provides significant references for further applying WF-A in the sustainable and safe construction of road networks.

中文翻译：

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温拌阻燃沥青的流变学和挥发性有机化合物特性


温拌阻燃沥青 （WF-A） 因其积极的施工和可加工性以及优异的阻燃性能而广泛用于隧道路面。当阻燃剂 （FR） 提高沥青粘结剂的阻燃性，温拌剂降低施工温度时，需要研究两种添加剂对沥青粘结剂性能的综合影响。本研究通过正交实验设计、极限氧指数 （LOI） 测试和黏度试验，筛选出最优的 WF-A。然后，对比分析了WF-A与温拌沥青、SBS改性沥青和阻燃沥青的使用性能，包括施工温度、高温流变性能和耐老化性能。此外，通过气相色谱质谱法 （GC-MS） 评估挥发性有机化合物 （VOC） 排放的特性。结果表明：最佳WF-A为在150 °C拌合温度下，掺量比为3.5% EC-120和8% FRMAX，温拌剂（EC-120）能明显降低SBS改性沥青粘结剂的高温粘度，增加高温流动性;阻燃剂 （FRMAX） 对 EC-120 的降粘效果产生不利影响。这两种添加剂的添加对沥青的耐老化性不利。此外，EC-120 和 FRMAX 均具有降低沥青烟雾的作用，与 SBS 改性沥青粘结剂相比，最佳 WF-A 可减少 45.5% 的 VOC 排放。本研究为进一步将 WF-A 应用于道路网络的可持续和安全建设提供了重要参考。