Polydopamine/melamine composite microencapsulated red phosphorus (RP@PDA/MA) was prepared and applied as the flame retardant for epoxy resin (EP) in this work. For comparison, polydopamine (PDA) coated red phosphorus (RP@PDA) was also prepared. The microstructure, chemical composition and thermal decomposition of the as prepared samples were systematically characterized. The results showed that PDA and PDA/MA shell structures were fabricated successfully via convenient water-based processes at room temperature. The flame retardance of red phosphorus (RP), RP@PDA, and RP@PDA/MA on EP was evaluated. The results showed that EP blending with 7 wt% RP@PDA/MA passed V-0 degree in the vertical burning test (UL-94), reached a limited oxygen index (LOI) of 30.9% and decreased the peak heat release rate of EP by 65.1% in the cone calorimeter test. The satisfactory flame retardance can be attributed to the intumescent flame retardant system consisting of RP@PDA/MA. The PDA and PDA/MA shell structures also improved the compatibility between RP and EP, thus RP@PDA and RP@PDA/MA had less significant impact on the tensile–strain properties of EP.

中文翻译：

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聚多巴胺/三聚氰胺微胶囊红磷的制备与表征及其在环氧树脂中的阻燃性

制备了聚多巴胺/三聚氰胺复合微胶囊红磷（RP@PDA/MA）并将其用作环氧树脂（EP）的阻燃剂。为了比较，还制备了涂有聚多巴胺（PDA）的红磷（RP@PDA）。系统地表征了所制备样品的微观结构、化学成分和热分解。结果表明，PDA和PDA/MA壳结构通过以下方法成功制造在室温下方便的水基工艺。评价了红磷(RP)、RP@PDA和RP@PDA/MA对EP的阻燃性。结果表明，EP 共混 7 wt% RP@PDA/MA 在垂直燃烧试验（UL-94）中通过了 V-0 度，达到了 30.9% 的有限氧指数（LOI），并降低了峰值放热率。在锥形量热仪测试中，EP 降低了 65.1%。令人满意的阻燃性可归因于由RP@PDA/MA组成的膨胀型阻燃体系。PDA 和 PDA/MA 壳结构也提高了 RP 和 EP 之间的相容性，因此 RP@PDA 和 RP@PDA/MA 对 EP 的拉伸应变性能影响较小。