用于传感小分子和蛋白质的基于 NBD 的合成探针：设计、传感机制和生物应用,Chemical Society Reviews

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用于传感小分子和蛋白质的基于 NBD 的合成探针：设计、传感机制和生物应用
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-6-1 , DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01096k
Chenyang Jiang ₁ , Haojie Huang ₁ , Xueying Kang ₁ , Liu Yang ₂ , Zhen Xi ₃ , Hongyan Sun ₄ , Michael D Pluth ₅ , Long Yi ₁

Affiliation

具有硝基苯并恶二唑（NBD）骨架的化合物表现出突出的有用特性，包括环境敏感性、对胺和生物硫醇（包括H ₂ S）的高反应性，并伴有明显的比色和荧光变化、荧光猝灭能力和小尺寸，所有这些都有助于生物分子传感和自组装。胺是重要的生物亲核试剂，NBD 醚与胺的独特活性允许进行位点特异性蛋白质标记和酶活性检测。H ₂ S和生物硫醇都参与哺乳动物的广泛生理过程，这些小分子的失调与包括癌症在内的多种疾病有关。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注基于 NBD 的合成探针作为生物分子传感的先进化学工具。具体来说，我们讨论了探针的传感机制和选择性、多反应多猝灭探针的设计策略以及这些重要结构的相关生物学应用。我们还重点介绍了基于 NBD 的自组装探针，并概述了基于 NBD 的化学传感器的未来方向。我们希望这次全面的审查将促进未来探针的开发，以调查和理解不同的生物过程，并帮助开发潜在的治疗诊断剂。

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NBD-based synthetic probes for sensing small molecules and proteins: design, sensing mechanisms and biological applications

Compounds with a nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) skeleton exhibit prominent useful properties including environmental sensitivity, high reactivity toward amines and biothiols (including H₂S) accompanied by distinct colorimetric and fluorescent changes, fluorescence-quenching ability, and small size, all of which facilitate biomolecular sensing and self-assembly. Amines are important biological nucleophiles, and the unique activity of NBD ethers with amines has allowed for site-specific protein labelling and for the detection of enzyme activities. Both H₂S and biothiols are involved in a wide range of physiological processes in mammals, and misregulation of these small molecules is associated with numerous diseases including cancers. In this review, we focus on NBD-based synthetic probes as advanced chemical tools for biomolecular sensing. Specifically, we discuss the sensing mechanisms and selectivity of the probes, the design strategies for multi-reactable multi-quenching probes, and the associated biological applications of these important constructs. We also highlight self-assembled NBD-based probes and outline future directions for NBD-based chemosensors. We hope that this comprehensive review will facilitate the development of future probes for investigating and understanding different biological processes and aid the development of potential theranostic agents.

更新日期：2021-06-01

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