Chemiluminescence (CL) has been widely used for bioanalysis owing to its high sensitivity, low background and simplicity. However, most of the CL systems need acidic/alkaline conditions or organic solvent to enhance their luminescent efficiency, and the non-physiological conditions can usually lead to the misfunction of biomolecules during biosensing. Herein, we report a highly luminous CL system under physiological conditions based on carbon dots-bis(2-carbopentyloxy-3,5,6-trichlorophenyl) oxalate (CDs-CPPO) micelles, and further used it in biosensing application. In the CL system, the amphiphilic surfactant packed CPPO and hydrophobic CDs together to form CDs-CPPO micelles. Such micelles solution not only isolated the CPPO from water to prevent its hydrolysis but also made the close proximity between CPPO and CDs, thus significantly enhancing the CDs quantum yield. The CL quantum yield was calculated to be 5.26 × 10⁻⁴ einsteins/mol, about 200-fold higher than that of the most commonly used luminol CL system. The oxidases (e.g., glucose oxidase) were tested to be susceptible to the organic solvent and non-physiological pH. Hence, the CL system was used for the detection of oxidase substrates (exemplified by glucose) in serum samples, and the limit of detection was as low as 8.4 nmol/L. The highly luminous CL system that can work under physiological conditions is promising for biosensing applications

化学发光（CL）由于其灵敏度高、背景低和简单而被广泛用于生物分析。然而，大多数CL系统需要酸性/碱性条件或有机溶剂来提高其发光效率，非生理条件通常会导致生物分子在生物传感过程中功能失常。在此，我们报告了一种在生理条件下基于碳点-双（2-碳戊基氧基-3,5,6-三氯苯基）草酸盐（CDs-CPPO）胶束的高亮度 CL 系统，并将其进一步用于生物传感应用。在 CL 体系中，两亲表面活性剂将 CPPO 和疏水性 CDs 包装在一起形成 CDs-CPPO 胶束。这种胶束溶液不仅将 CPPO 与水隔离以防止其水解，而且使 CPPO 和 CD 之间的距离很近，从而显着提高CDs量子产率。CL 量子产率计算为 5.26 × 10⁻⁴爱因斯坦/摩尔，比最常用的鲁米诺 CL 系统高约 200 倍。测试氧化酶（例如，葡萄糖氧化酶）对有机溶剂和非生理pH敏感。因此，CL系统用于检测血清样品中的氧化酶底物（以葡萄糖为例），检测限低至8.4 nmol/L。可在生理条件下工作的高亮度 CL 系统有望用于生物传感应用