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Alcohol-induced aggression in Drosophila
Addiction Biology ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 , DOI: 10.1111/adb.13045 Annie Park 1, 2 , Tracy Tran 1 , Linda Gutierrez 1 , Christopher J Stojanik 1 , Julian Plyler 1 , Grace A Thompson 1 , Rudolf A Bohm 3 , Elizabeth A Scheuerman 4 , Dean P Smith 4 , Nigel S Atkinson 1
Addiction Biology ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 , DOI: 10.1111/adb.13045 Annie Park 1, 2 , Tracy Tran 1 , Linda Gutierrez 1 , Christopher J Stojanik 1 , Julian Plyler 1 , Grace A Thompson 1 , Rudolf A Bohm 3 , Elizabeth A Scheuerman 4 , Dean P Smith 4 , Nigel S Atkinson 1
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Alcohol-induced aggression is a destructive and widespread phenomenon associated with violence and sexual assault. However, little is understood concerning its mechanistic origin. We have developed a Drosophila melanogaster model to genetically dissect and understand the phenomenon of sexually dimorphic alcohol-induced aggression. Males with blood alcohol levels of 0.04-mg/ml BAC were less aggressive than alcohol-naive males, but when the BAC had dropped to ~0.015 mg/ml, the alcohol-treated males showed an increase in aggression toward other males. This aggression-promoting treatment is referred to as the post-ethanol aggression (PEA) treatment. Females do not show increased aggression after the same treatment. PEA-treated males also spend less time courting and attempt to copulate earlier than alcohol-naive flies. PEA treatment induces expression of the FruM transcription factor (encoded by a male-specific transcript from the fruitless gene), whereas sedating doses of alcohol reduce FruM expression and reduce male aggression. Transgenic suppression of FruM induction also prevents alcohol-induced aggression. In male flies, alcohol-induced aggression is dependent on the male isoform of the fruitless transcription factor (FruM). Low-dose alcohol induces FruM expression and promotes aggression, whereas higher doses of alcohol suppress FruM and suppress aggression.
中文翻译：
果蝇酒精诱导的攻击性
酒精引起的攻击是一种与暴力和性侵犯相关的破坏性和普遍现象。然而，对其机械起源知之甚少。我们开发了黑腹果蝇模型来从基因上剖析和理解性二态性酒精诱导的攻击现象。血液酒精含量为 0.04 毫克/毫升 BAC 的男性比未饮酒的男性攻击性低，但当 BAC 降至约 0.015 毫克/毫升时，接受酒精治疗的男性对其他男性的攻击性增加。这种攻击促进处理称为乙醇攻击后 (PEA) 处理。女性在相同的治疗后没有表现出增加的攻击性。与未饮酒的苍蝇相比，接受豌豆治疗的雄性也花费更少的时间求爱和尝试交配。PEA 处理诱导 FruM 转录因子的表达（由来自无结果的雄性特异性转录物编码基因），而镇静剂量的酒精会降低 FruM 的表达并减少男性的攻击性。FruM 诱导的转基因抑制也可以防止酒精诱导的攻击性。在雄性果蝇中，酒精诱导的攻击性取决于无结果转录因子 (FruM)的雄性同种型。低剂量酒精会诱导 FruM 表达并促进攻击性，而较高剂量的酒精会抑制 FruM 并抑制攻击性。
更新日期：2021-05-27
中文翻译：
果蝇酒精诱导的攻击性
酒精引起的攻击是一种与暴力和性侵犯相关的破坏性和普遍现象。然而，对其机械起源知之甚少。我们开发了黑腹果蝇模型来从基因上剖析和理解性二态性酒精诱导的攻击现象。血液酒精含量为 0.04 毫克/毫升 BAC 的男性比未饮酒的男性攻击性低，但当 BAC 降至约 0.015 毫克/毫升时，接受酒精治疗的男性对其他男性的攻击性增加。这种攻击促进处理称为乙醇攻击后 (PEA) 处理。女性在相同的治疗后没有表现出增加的攻击性。与未饮酒的苍蝇相比，接受豌豆治疗的雄性也花费更少的时间求爱和尝试交配。PEA 处理诱导 FruM 转录因子的表达（由来自无结果的雄性特异性转录物编码基因），而镇静剂量的酒精会降低 FruM 的表达并减少男性的攻击性。FruM 诱导的转基因抑制也可以防止酒精诱导的攻击性。在雄性果蝇中，酒精诱导的攻击性取决于无结果转录因子 (FruM)的雄性同种型。低剂量酒精会诱导 FruM 表达并促进攻击性，而较高剂量的酒精会抑制 FruM 并抑制攻击性。
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