To intensify SO₂ absorption process in wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) spray scrubber, a comprehensive CFD model coupled transfer process with chemical reactions is established by Eulerian‒Lagrangian method and verified in a commercial-scale device of 330 MW coal-fired power unit. The desulfurization performance is significantly affected by both the property of each droplet and the dispersion of droplet swarm, which are determined by the spray behaviors. Three dominant factors, including droplet diameter, injection direction and spray morphology, are explored to optimize the spray conditions for intensifying SO₂ absorption process. Differing from the ideal plug flow, the optimal diameter of droplet in non-ideal flow is obtained by considering the synergistic effect of the uniformity of gas–slurry distribution and the dynamics of SO₂ mass transfer. Compared with the single-direction spray with downward or upward injection, the dual-direction spray reaches a great balance between the competitive effects of the uniformity of gas‒slurry flow and the interfacial area for mass transfer. The influence of spray morphology on mass transfer process is essentially the difference of dispersion characteristics of droplets in the middle part of scrubber. A design scheme combining full-cone and hollow-cone nozzles is suggested for improving the overall SO₂ removal efficiency.

为强化湿法烟气脱硫（WFGD）喷雾洗涤器中SO ₂吸收过程，采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法建立了化学反应耦合传递过程的综合CFD模型，并在330 MW燃煤机组商业化装置上进行验证. 脱硫性能受每个液滴的性质和液滴群的分散性的影响很大，这由喷雾行为决定。探索三个主要因素，包括液滴直径、喷射方向和喷雾形态，以优化喷雾条件以增强 SO ₂吸收过程。与理想活塞流不同，非理想流中液滴的最佳直径是通过考虑气-浆分布均匀性和SO ₂传质动力学的协同效应获得的。与向下或向上喷射的单向喷雾相比，双向喷雾在气-浆流动均匀性和传质界面面积的竞争效应之间达到了很好的平衡。喷雾形态对传质过程的影响本质上是洗涤塔中部液滴分散特性的差异。建议采用全锥形和空心锥形喷嘴相结合的设计方案，以提高整体 SO ₂去除效率。