An anaerobic microbial consortium capable of reductively dehalogenating 2,4,6-triiodophenol (2,4,6-TIP) was enriched from the marine sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium. The enrichment reductively deiodinated 100 μM of 2,4,6-TIP to 4-iodophenol (4-IP) and 2-iodophenol (2-IP) in the presence of sterile sponge tissue as the sole carbon source and electron donor. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that bacteria closely related with Vallitalea guaymasensis and Oceanirhabdus sediminicola, both of which are members of the order Clostridiales, were predominant in the enrichment. When glucose was added to the enrichment as alternative carbon source, one of these bacteria grew predominantly, which was subsequently isolated as a pure culture. The strain, designated as TIP-1, showed 99.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with V. guaymasensis. In the presence of glucose, strain TIP-1 reductively deiodinated 2,4,6-TIP to 2-IP and 4-IP at a molar ratio of 3:1, during which 2,4-diiodophenol (2,4-DIP) and 2,6-diiodophenol (2,6-DIP) were observed as deiodinated intermediates. Glucose was required for 2,4,6-TIP deiodination, but 2,4,6-TIP was not essential for growth of strain TIP-1. The strain also deiodinated 2,4-DIP to 2-IP and 4-IP at a molar ratio of 1:1, and 2,6-DIP to 2-IP, but further deiodination of the monoiodophenols was not observed. These results suggest that strain TIP-1 removed both ortho- and para-substituted iodines equally. Such deiodinating bacteria could be applied to the mineralization or dehalogenation of triiodobenzene derivatives, which are widely used as X-ray contrast media.

一种能够对 2,4,6-三碘苯酚 (2,4,6-TIP) 进行还原脱卤的厌氧微生物群落从海海绵Hymeniacidon sinapium 中富集。在无菌海绵组织作为唯一碳源和电子供体的情况下，富集将 100 μM 的 2,4,6-TIP 还原脱碘为 4-碘苯酚 (4-IP) 和 2-碘苯酚 (2-IP)。PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳和16S rRNA基因序列分析表明，细菌与Vallitalea guaymasensis和Oceaniirhabdus sediminiicola密切相关，这两种细菌都属于梭菌目。，在浓缩中占主导地位。当葡萄糖作为替代碳源加入富集时，其中一种细菌主要生长，随后将其作为纯培养物分离。该菌株命名为 TIP-1，与V显示 99.7% 的 16S rRNA 基因序列相似性。瓜伊马斯. 在葡萄糖存在下，菌株 TIP-1 以 3:1 的摩尔比将 2,4,6-TIP 还原脱碘为 2-IP 和 4-IP，其中 2,4-二碘苯酚 (2,4-DIP)和 2,6-二碘苯酚 (2,6-DIP) 作为脱碘中间体被观察到。2,4,6-TIP 脱碘需要葡萄糖，但 2,4,6-TIP 对菌株 TIP-1 的生长不是必需的。该菌株还以 1:1 的摩尔比将 2,4-DIP 脱碘为 2-IP 和 4-IP，并将 2,6-DIP 与 2-IP 脱碘，但未观察到单碘酚的进一步脱碘。这些结果表明菌株 TIP-1 同样去除了邻位和对位取代的碘。这种脱碘细菌可用于三碘苯衍生物的矿化或脱卤，三碘苯衍生物被广泛用作X射线造影剂。