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Nanoplastic-Induced Genotoxicity and Intestinal Damage in Freshwater Benthic Clams (Corbicula fluminea): Comparison with Microplastics
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02407 Zhenling Li 1 , Chenghong Feng 1, 2 , Wen Pang 1 , Chenhao Tian 2 , Yue Zhao 2
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02407 Zhenling Li 1 , Chenghong Feng 1, 2 , Wen Pang 1 , Chenhao Tian 2 , Yue Zhao 2
Affiliation
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With the wide application of plastics in daily life, nanoplastics (NPs) are ubiquitous in freshwater environments. However, to date, few studies have focused on the mechanism underlying the toxicity of NPs, and the differences between this mechanism and that governing the toxicity of MPs have also not been thoroughly characterized. In this study, the genotoxicity, intestinal damage, and intestinal flora in Corbicula fluminea exposed to micro/nanoplastics were investigated through RNA sequencing, histopathology, and 16S rRNA sequencing, respectively. Significant differences in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed between MP and NP exposure groups. It was observed that NPs preferentially elicited the process related to cellular components and triggered the apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in various tissues, especially in indirectly contacted tissues, while MPs induced the innate immune response and activated the complement and coagulation cascades (complement system) pathway. Both MPs and NPs can induce an inflammatory response and cause epithelial damage in the intestines, and they can notably change the gut microbial community structure. However, the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Mycoplasma) was observed to increase only in the MP-treated group, which exacerbated intestinal damage. Unlike MPs, the effect of NPs on the intestinal microflora was highly limited, while NPs elicited more severe damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier. The results of this study may help to elucidate the toxicity mechanisms governing the responses of bivalves to MPs and NPs and to evaluate the detriment of MPs and NPs to the benthic ecosystem.
中文翻译：
纳米塑料诱导的淡水底栖蛤（Corbicula fluminea）的基因毒性和肠道损伤：与微塑料的比较
随着塑料在日常生活中的广泛应用，纳米塑料（NPs）在淡水环境中无处不在。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究关注 NPs 毒性的潜在机制，并且这种机制与控制 MPs 毒性的机制之间的差异也没有得到彻底的表征。在这项研究中，Corbicula fluminea的遗传毒性、肠道损伤和肠道菌群分别通过 RNA 测序、组织病理学和 16S rRNA 测序研究了暴露于微/纳米塑料的情况。在 MP 和 NP 暴露组之间观察到差异表达基因 (DEG) 的显着差异。观察到 NPs 优先引发与细胞成分相关的过程，并通过各种组织中的线粒体途径触发细胞凋亡，特别是在间接接触的组织中，而 MPs 诱导先天免疫反应并激活补体和凝血级联（补体系统）途径. MPs 和 NPs 都可以诱导炎症反应并导致肠道上皮损伤，并且它们可以显着改变肠道微生物群落结构。然而，大量的病原菌（例如，仅在 MP 治疗组中观察到支原体增加，这加剧了肠道损伤。与 MPs 不同，NPs 对肠道菌群的影响非常有限，而 NPs 对肠黏膜屏障的损害更为严重。这项研究的结果可能有助于阐明控制双壳类对 MP 和 NP 反应的毒性机制，并评估 MP 和 NP 对底栖生态系统的损害。
更新日期：2021-06-22
中文翻译：
纳米塑料诱导的淡水底栖蛤（Corbicula fluminea）的基因毒性和肠道损伤：与微塑料的比较
随着塑料在日常生活中的广泛应用，纳米塑料（NPs）在淡水环境中无处不在。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究关注 NPs 毒性的潜在机制，并且这种机制与控制 MPs 毒性的机制之间的差异也没有得到彻底的表征。在这项研究中，Corbicula fluminea的遗传毒性、肠道损伤和肠道菌群分别通过 RNA 测序、组织病理学和 16S rRNA 测序研究了暴露于微/纳米塑料的情况。在 MP 和 NP 暴露组之间观察到差异表达基因 (DEG) 的显着差异。观察到 NPs 优先引发与细胞成分相关的过程，并通过各种组织中的线粒体途径触发细胞凋亡，特别是在间接接触的组织中，而 MPs 诱导先天免疫反应并激活补体和凝血级联（补体系统）途径. MPs 和 NPs 都可以诱导炎症反应并导致肠道上皮损伤，并且它们可以显着改变肠道微生物群落结构。然而，大量的病原菌（例如，仅在 MP 治疗组中观察到支原体增加，这加剧了肠道损伤。与 MPs 不同，NPs 对肠道菌群的影响非常有限，而 NPs 对肠黏膜屏障的损害更为严重。这项研究的结果可能有助于阐明控制双壳类对 MP 和 NP 反应的毒性机制，并评估 MP 和 NP 对底栖生态系统的损害。
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