Cardiovascular diseases account for the highest mortality globally, but recent advances in wearable technologies may potentially change how these illnesses are diagnosed and managed. In particular, continuous monitoring of cardiovascular vital signs for early intervention is highly desired. To this end, flexible wearable sensors that can be comfortably worn over long durations are gaining significant attention. In this review, advanced flexible wearable sensors for monitoring cardiovascular vital signals are outlined and discussed. Specifically, the functional materials, configurations, mechanisms, and recent advances of these flexible sensors for heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, and blood glucose monitoring are highlighted. Different mechanisms in bioelectric, mechano-electric, optoelectric, and ultrasonic wearable sensors are presented to monitor cardiovascular vital signs from different body locations. Present challenges, possible strategies, and future directions of these wearable sensors are also discussed. With rapid development, these flexible wearable sensors will potentially be applicable for both medical diagnosis and daily healthcare use in tackling cardiovascular diseases.

中文翻译：

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用于心血管健康监测的柔性可穿戴传感器

心血管疾病是全球死亡率最高的疾病，但可穿戴技术的最新进展可能会改变这些疾病的诊断和管理方式。特别是，非常需要持续监测心血管生命体征以进行早期干预。为此，可以长时间舒适佩戴的柔性可穿戴传感器正受到广泛关注。在这篇综述中，概述和讨论了用于监测心血管生命信号的先进柔性可穿戴传感器。具体来说，重点介绍了这些用于心率、血压、血氧饱和度和血糖监测的柔性传感器的功能材料、配置、机制和最新进展。生物电、机械电、光电、超声波可穿戴传感器用于监测不同身体部位的心血管生命体征。还讨论了这些可穿戴传感器的当前挑战、可能的策略和未来方向。随着快速发展，这些灵活的可穿戴传感器将有可能适用于医疗诊断和日常医疗保健，以应对心血管疾病。