James W. Lance was a clinical neurologist who created the first university-based department of neurology in Australia. He championed academic enquiry and the scientific basis of clinical practice, and his research had two major themes, motor control and headache. After his doctoral studies on the pyramidal tract of the cat, he became a pioneer of the new field of motor control studied in human subjects, making seminal contributions on the control of muscle tone, reflexes and movement in healthy subjects and the pathophysiology of movement disorders in patients. At the same time he developed a clinical research program into the mechanisms and management of headache, in particular migraine. These studies evolved into parallel experiments in human subjects, cats and monkeys, probing the control of the cerebral circulation and the mechanisms underlying craniofacial pain, for which he received international acclaim in both fields. He received international and Australian honours and was the first practising clinician to be elected a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. He is rightfully credited with leading the development of academic neurology in Australia and overseas.

詹姆士·兰斯（James W. Lance）是一名临床神经科医生，他在澳大利亚创建了第一个以大学为基础的神经病学系。他拥护学术研究和临床实践的科学基础，他的研究有两个主要主题，运动控制和头痛。在对猫的锥体束进行博士研究之后，他成为了在人类受试者中研究运动控制新领域的先驱，对控制健康受试者的肌张力，反射和运动以及运动障碍的病理生理学做出了重要贡献。在患者中。同时，他制定了一项临床研究计划，研究头痛，尤其是偏头痛的机制和治疗方法。这些研究演变成针对人类对象，猫和猴子的平行实验，他探讨了控制脑循环和颅面疼痛的潜在机制，为此，他在这两个领域都赢得了国际赞誉。He received international and Australian honours and was the first practising clinician to be elected a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. 他在澳大利亚和海外领导着神经学的发展是理所应当的。