Among many reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are constantly generated during oxidative stress in cellular membranes, the formation and subsequent reactivity of ubiquitous 4-hydroxy-2- nonenal (HNE) with nearby amino acids and lipids represent one of the main research targets in cell physiology in the last decades. Starting from the first synthesis of HNE in 1967, the chemistry and reactivity of HNE are constantly under intense scrutiny. This review shows recent advances in the field, which are discussed with the special emphasis on revealing intricate details of numerous reaction mechanisms of HNE with lipids and amino acids, with the goal of understanding the reactivity of HNE at the molecular level.

中文翻译：

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模型生物系统中 4-羟基-2-壬烯醛 (HNE) 的化学和反应性。

在细胞膜氧化应激过程中不断产生的许多活性氧 (ROS) 中，无处不在的 4-羟基-2-壬烯醛 (HNE) 与附近氨基酸和脂质的形成和随后的反应是主要研究目标之一在过去几十年的细胞生理学中。从 1967 年首次合成 HNE 开始，HNE 的化学和反应性一直受到严格审查。这篇综述展示了该领域的最新进展，特别强调揭示 HNE 与脂质和氨基酸的众多反应机制的复杂细节，目的是在分子水平上了解 HNE 的反应性。