Surgical skill-level assessment is key to collecting the required feedback and adapting the educational programs accordingly. Currently, these assessments for the minimal invasive surgery programs are primarily based on subjective methods, and there is no consensus on skill level classifications. One of the most detailed of these classifications categorize skill levels as beginner, novice, intermediate, sub-expert, and expert. To properly integrate skill assessment into minimal invasive surgical education programs and provide skill-based training alternatives, it is necessary to classify the skill levels in as detailed a way as possible and identify the differences between all skill levels in an objective manner. Yet, despite the existence of very encouraging results in the literature, most of the studies have been conducted to better understand the differences between novice and expert surgical skill levels leaving out the other crucial skill levels between them. Additionally, there are very limited studies by considering the eye-movement behaviors of surgical residents. To this end, the present study attempted to distinguish novice- and intermediate-level surgical residents based on their eye movements. The eye-movement data was recorded from 23 volunteer surgical residents while they were performing four computer-based simulated surgical tasks under different hand conditions. The data was analyzed using logistic regression to estimate the skill levels of both groups. The best results of the estimation revealing a 91.3% recognition rate of predicting novice and intermediate surgical residents on one scenario were selected from four under the dominant hand condition. These results show that the eye-movements can be potentially used to identify surgeons with intermediate and novice skills. However, the results also indicate that the order in which the scenarios are provided, and the design of the scenario, the tasks, and their appropriateness with the skill levels of the participants are all critical factors to be considered in improving the estimation ratio, and hence require thorough assessment for future research.

中文翻译：

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通过眼球运动区分中级和新手外科医生。

手术技能水平评估是收集所需反馈并相应调整教育计划的关键。当前，这些对微创外科手术计划的评估主要基于主观方法，并且在技能水平分类上尚未达成共识。这些分类中最详细的分类之一将技能级别分为初学者，新手，中级，副专家和专家。为了将技能评估正确地整合到微创外科手术教育计划中，并提供基于技能的培训替代方案，有必要以尽可能详细的方式对技能等级进行分类，并以客观的方式识别所有技能等级之间的差异。然而，尽管文献中有令人鼓舞的结果，大多数研究都是为了更好地了解新手和专家手术技能水平之间的差异，而忽略了他们之间的其他关键技能水平。此外，通过考虑外科手术居民的眼球运动行为，研究非常有限。为此，本研究试图根据他们的眼球运动来区分新手和中级手术患者。记录了来自23名志愿者外科手术居民在不同手部条件下执行四项基于计算机的模拟外科手术任务时的眼动数据。使用逻辑回归分析数据，以评估两组的技能水平。估计的最佳结果显示为91。在占优势的情况下，从四个场景中选择一种预测新手和中级外科手术居民的识别率为3％。这些结果表明，眼球运动可潜在地用于识别具有中级和新手技能的外科医生。但是，结果还表明，提供方案的顺序，方案的设计，任务及其与参与者技能水平的适当性都是提高估计率的关键因素，并且因此需要对未来的研究进行彻底的评估。