用于治疗 COVID-19 和其他冠状病毒的 siRNA 疗法,Molecular Pharmaceutics

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用于治疗 COVID-19 和其他冠状病毒的 siRNA 疗法
Molecular Pharmaceutics ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01239
Muhammad Imran Sajid _{1,

2} , Muhammad Moazzam ₂ , Yeseom Cho _{1,

3} , Shun Kato _{1,

3} , Ava Xu ₁ , J J Way ₁ , Sandeep Lohan ₁ , Rakesh K Tiwari ₁

Affiliation

截至 2021 年 4 月 30 日，全球关注的持续流行病已导致全球约 300 万人死亡，影响约 1.51 亿人。尽管最近批准的 COVID-19 疫苗带来了希望，但寻找治愈病毒大流行的新方法仍然是一个难题。寻求全世界的研究人员。历史上的重大流行病都是由病毒引起的，如SARS、MERS、H1NI、西班牙流感等。更大的重点是发现潜在的疫苗、新型抗病毒药物和可以减轻病毒感染症状的药物；然而，一个相对较新的领域，RNA 干扰 (RNAi)，已被证明是一种有效的抗病毒药物。RNAi现象已被广泛用于治疗癌症、神经退行性疾病和一些罕见疾病。美国食品和药物管理局最近批准了三种用于人类的 siRNA 产品，这为冠状病毒的 siRNA 疗法带来了巨大的希望。有一些评论和通讯涉及这一领域。我们总结并说明了截至 2021 年 4 月 30 日可用的 siRNA 疗法在对抗持续的病毒大流行和 B.1.1.7 和 B.1.351 等新变种方面的重要性和潜力。大量成功的体外研究和多项针对 siRNA 治疗临床应用的研究为该领域带来了巨大的希望。这篇开创性的综述描述了基于 siRNA 的疗法对于治疗当前冠状病毒挑战之外的多种病毒感染的重要性。此外，我们还全面回顾了冠状病毒已获批准的专利、siRNA治疗的主要挑战以及解决这些问题的潜在方法，随后介绍了创新和前景。

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siRNA Therapeutics for the Therapy of COVID-19 and Other Coronaviruses

The ongoing pandemic of global concern has killed about three million humans and affected around 151 million people worldwide, as of April 30, 2021. Although recently approved vaccines for COVID-19 are engendering hope, finding new ways to cure the viral pandemic is still a quest for researchers worldwide. Major pandemics in history have been of viral origin, such as SARS, MERS, H1NI, Spanish flu, and so on. A larger emphasis has been on discovering potential vaccines, novel antiviral drugs, and agents that can mitigate the viral infection symptoms; however, a relatively new area, RNA interference (RNAi), has proven effective as an antiviral agent. The RNAi phenomenon has been largely exploited to cure cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and some rare diseases. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has recently approved three siRNA products for human use that garner significant hope in siRNA therapeutics for coronaviruses. There have been some commentaries and communications addressing this area. We have summarized and illustrated the significance and the potential of the siRNA therapeutics available as of April 30, 2021 to combat the ongoing viral pandemic and the emerging new variants such as B.1.1.7 and B.1.351. Numerous successful in vitro studies and several investigations to address the clinical application of siRNA therapeutics provide great hope in this field. This seminal Review describes the significance of siRNA-based therapy to treat diverse viral infections in addition to the current coronavirus challenge. In addition, we have thoroughly reviewed the patents approved for coronaviruses, the major challenges in siRNA therapy, and the potential approaches to address them, followed by innovation and prospects.

更新日期：2021-06-07

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