Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a typical persistent organic pollutant commonly detected in ecosystem. Insights into the risks of PFOA in crops, from the perspectives of food nutritional compositions, are sparse. In this study, the physiological responses to PFOA induced oxidative stress were investigated in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) leaves hydroponically exposed to 5 and 50 μg/L PFOA. The effects on photosynthesis and nutritional compositions were characterized. 35.1 and 316.7 ng/g dry weight PFOA were bio-accumulated in lettuce leaves under exposure to 5 and 50 μg/L PFOA, respectively. PFOA led to exposure-dependent over-generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS; H₂O₂, 8.1%–38.7%; OH, 11.3%–26.4%; O₂⁻, 3.1%–22.8%) in leaves. Both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were activated to scavenge ROS. Nevertheless, metabolomics results indicated some nutritional compositions in lettuce leaves were elevated by environmentally relevant concentrations of PFOA. Both primary metabolites, such as carbohydrates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acids, and secondary metabolites, such as bioactive (poly)phenol and alkaloid compounds, were significantly up-regulated. Leaf net photosynthetic rates were stimulated and intercellular CO₂ concentration was decreased. A thorough scheme on the interaction between PFOA and lettuce leaves was proposed as well, to enhance the understanding of PFOA risks in crops.

全氟辛酸（PFOA）是生态系统中常见的典型持久性有机污染物。从食品营养成分的角度来了解 PFOA 对农作物的风险还很少。在这项研究中，研究了水培法暴露于 5 和 50 μg/L PFOA 的生菜 ( Lactuca sativa ) 叶子对 PFOA 诱导的氧化应激的生理反应。对光合作用和营养成分的影响进行了表征。暴露于 5 和 50 μg/L PFOA 的生菜叶片中分别生物累积了 35.1 ng/g 干重和 316.7 ng/g PFOA。 PFOA 导致暴露依赖性的活性氧化物质（ROS；H ₂ O ₂ ，​​8.1%–38.7%； 羟基，11.3%–26.4%； 叶子中O ₂ ⁻ , 3.1%–22.8%)。非酶抗氧化剂和酶抗氧化剂都被激活以清除ROS。然而，代谢组学结果表明，环境相关浓度的 PFOA 提高了生菜叶中的一些营养成分。初级代谢物（例如三羧酸循环中的碳水化合物和氨基酸）和次级代谢物（例如生物活性（多）酚和生物碱化合物）均显着上调。叶片净光合速率受到刺激，细胞间CO ₂浓度降低。还提出了关于 PFOA 与生菜叶之间相互作用的全面方案，以增强对作物中 PFOA 风险的了解。