In this study, the dose-dependent beneficial effects of tuna oil (TO) on cigarette smoke exposure induced lung inflammation were investigated. Treatments with low- (LD), moderate- (MD) and high-dosage (HD) of TO reduce the C-reactive protein concentration in serum, significantly down-regulated and up-regulated the mRNA levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the lung, respectively. TO treatment inhibited the activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. In addition, TO treatments reduced the MDA concentration and enhanced the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum. What’s more, TO treatment modulated the gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus species and short-chain fatty acid producers and decreasing the abundance of opportunistic pathogens, as well as affecting the amino acid metabolism in serum. This research clarified the anti-inflammatory mechanism of TO on cigarette smoking exposure induced lung inflammation in mice.

在这项研究中，研究了金枪鱼油（TO）对香烟烟雾暴露引起的肺部炎症的剂量依赖性有益作用。低（LD），中（MD）和高剂量（HD）TO治疗可降低血清中C反应蛋白浓度，显着下调和上调促炎和抗炎细胞因子的mRNA水平在肺中。TO处理抑制了核因子-κB（NF-κB）信号通路的激活和含有NLR家族的含吡喃结构域的3（NLRP3）炎性小体的激活。此外，TO处理降低了血清中的MDA浓度并增强了SOD和GSH-Px的活性。此外，TO处理可通过增加乳酸杆菌的丰度来调节肠道菌群物种和短链脂肪酸生产者，减少机会病原体的丰富度，以及影响血清中氨基酸的代谢。这项研究阐明了TO对吸烟暴露引起的小鼠肺部炎症的抗炎机制。