Lithium metal has been considered as a potential replacement for the commercialized graphite anode to further boost the energy density of Li-ion batteries. However, Li dendrite growth during Li plating/stripping causes safety concern and poor lifespan of Li metal batteries (LMBs). In addition, the deploy of Ni-rich high-loading LiNi_xCo_yMn_1-x-yO₂ (NCM, 0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.95) is also an efficient way for boosting energy density. However, the dissolution of transition metal ion and structure evolution during cell operation can leave an adverse effect on cell performances. Herein, dual-functional 3-thiopheneboronic acid (TB) additive is used to form a lithium borate-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li anode and an improved cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on Ni-rich cathode. The TB-induced SEI layer is conductive and stable, and thus beneficial to improving kinetic limitation of Li nucleation and obtain a uniform morphology of Li deposition. When the TB-protected Li metal anode matches the high-loading LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ (NMC622) cathode (13.65 mg cm⁻²), high initial capacities of 163.78 mAh g⁻¹ (2.23 mAh cm⁻²) at 0.2 C and 164.82 mAh g⁻¹ (2.25 mAh cm⁻²) at 0.5 C after activation are obtained, attributing to the effective SEI and stable CEI induced by TB. This strategy of introducing additives into LMB system with Ni-rich high-loading NMC cathode affords an emerging energy storage system to demonstrates the material engineering of batteries with very high energy density.

金属锂已被认为是商业化石墨阳极的潜在替代品，以进一步提高锂离子电池的能量密度。然而，在锂镀覆/剥离过程中锂枝晶的生长引起安全隐患，并且锂金属电池（LMB）的使用寿命很差。此外，富镍高负荷LiNi _x Co _y Mn _1-xy O ₂的部署（NCM，0.6≤x≤0.95）也是提高能量密度的有效方法。但是，过渡金属离子的溶解和电池运行过程中的结构演变可能会对电池性能产生不利影响。在此，双功能3-噻吩硼酸（TB）添加剂用于在Li阳极上形成富含硼酸锂的固体电解质中间相（SEI），并在富含Ni的阴极上形成改进的阴极电解质中间相（CEI）。TB诱导的SEI层导电且稳定，因此有利于改善Li成核的动力学极限并获得均匀的Li沉积形态。当TB保护的Li金属阳极与高负载LiNi _0.6 Co _0.2 Mn _0.2 O ₂（NMC622）阴极匹配时（13.65 mg cm ^-2），激活后在0.2 C时具有163.78 mAh g ^-1（2.23 mAh cm ^-2）和在0.5 C时具有164.82 mAh g ^-1（2.25 mAh cm ^-2）的高初始容量，这归因于有效的SEI和稳定的CEI由结核病引起。这种将添加剂引入具有富镍高负载NMC阴极的LMB系统中的策略提供了一种新兴的能量存储系统，以演示具有非常高能量密度的电池的材料工程。