<br>没有证据表明黑尾草原土拨鼠（Cynomys ludovicianus）种群中存在地方性鼠疫,Integrative Zoology

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没有证据表明黑尾草原土拨鼠（Cynomys ludovicianus）种群中存在地方性鼠疫
Integrative Zoology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-21 , DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12546
Rebecca E Colman ₁ , R Jory Brinkerhoff ₂ , Joseph D Busch ₁ , Chris Ray ₂ , Adina Doyle ₁ , Jason W Sahl ₁ , Paul Keim ₁ , Sharon K Collinge ₂ , David M Wagner ₁

Affiliation

鼠疫耶尔森氏菌（ Yersinia pestis）是鼠疫的病原体，存在于美国西部的啮齿动物种群中，并定期在易感物种中引起流行病，包括黑尾土拨鼠（ Cynomys ludovicianus ）。人们对鼠疫耶尔森氏菌如何在这些动物流行病之间的环境中长期持续存在知之甚少，但已经提出了多种机制，其中包括一个单独的地方性动物传播周期，该循环在不涉及动物流行性宿主的情况下维持鼠疫耶尔森氏菌和鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的持续存在在流行的宿主群体中，而又不会在这些群体中造成高死亡率。 2004年和2005年，我们在有和没有黑尾土拨鼠的地点活捉并收集了黑尾土拨鼠和其他哺乳动物物种的跳蚤，并对所有跳蚤进行了鼠疫耶尔森氏菌检测。 2004 年收集的 2126 只跳蚤中未检测到鼠疫耶尔森氏菌，但 2005 年在一次广泛流行的动物流行之前和期间从多个地点收集的 294 只跳蚤中检测到鼠疫耶尔森氏菌，该流行病导致受影响群体中黑尾土拨鼠的数量急剧减少。跳蚤中鼠疫耶尔森氏菌发生的时间和空间模式以及一些受感染跳蚤中鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的基因分型表明，鼠疫耶尔森氏菌从研究区域以外的来源多次引入，一旦引入，就在多个地点之间传播。我们的结论是，在这些黑尾草原土拨鼠群落发生动物流行之前，鼠疫耶尔森氏菌可能并不存在于这些群落中。尽管我们没有确定可能的地方性动物宿主，但我们发现了证据表明鹿鼠（ Peromyscus maniculatus ）可能作为耶氏耶氏菌的桥接宿主。未知的地方性动物宿主和黑尾土拨鼠之间的鼠疫。

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No evidence for enzootic plague within black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) populations

Yersinia pestis, causative agent of plague, occurs throughout the western United States in rodent populations and periodically causes epizootics in susceptible species, including black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). How Y. pestis persists long-term in the environment between these epizootics is poorly understood but multiple mechanisms have been proposed, including, among others, a separate enzootic transmission cycle that maintains Y. pestis without involvement of epizootic hosts and persistence of Y. pestis within epizootic host populations without causing high mortality within those populations. We live-trapped and collected fleas from black-tailed prairie dogs and other mammal species from sites with and without black-tailed prairie dogs in 2004 and 2005 and tested all fleas for presence of Y. pestis. Y. pestis was not detected in 2126 fleas collected in 2004 but was detected in 294 fleas collected from multiple sites in 2005, before and during a widespread epizootic that drastically reduced black-tailed prairie dog populations in the affected colonies. Temporal and spatial patterns of Y. pestis occurrence in fleas and genotyping of Y. pestis present in some infected fleas suggest Y. pestis was introduced multiple times from sources outside the study area and once introduced, was dispersed between several sites. We conclude Y. pestis likely was not present in these black-tailed prairie dog colonies prior to epizootic activity in these colonies. Although we did not identify likely enzootic hosts, we found evidence that deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) may serve as bridging hosts for Y. pestis between unknown enzootic hosts and black-tailed prairie dogs.

更新日期：2021-04-21

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