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Ceramic boron carbonitrides for unlocking organic halides with visible light
Chemical Science ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-3-23 , DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01028j
Tao Yuan 1 , Meifang Zheng 1 , Markus Antonietti 2 , Xinchen Wang 1
Affiliation  

Photochemistry provides a sustainable pathway for organic transformations by inducing radical intermediates from substrates through electron transfer process. However, progress is limited by heterogeneous photocatalysts that are required to be efficient, stable, and inexpensive for long-term operation with easy recyclability and product separation. Here, we report that boron carbonitride (BCN) ceramics are such a system and can reduce organic halides, including (het)aryl and alkyl halides, with visible light irradiation. Cross-coupling of halides to afford new C–H, C–C, and C–S bonds can proceed at ambient reaction conditions. Hydrogen, (het)aryl, and sulfonyl groups were introduced into the arenes and heteroarenes at the designed positions by means of mesolytic C–X (carbon–halogen) bond cleavage in the absence of any metal-based catalysts or ligands. BCN can be used not only for half reactions, like reduction reactions with a sacrificial agent, but also redox reactions through oxidative and reductive interfacial electron transfer. The BCN photocatalyst shows tolerance to different substituents and conserved activity after five recycles. The apparent metal-free system opens new opportunities for a wide range of organic catalysts using light energy and sustainable materials, which are metal-free, inexpensive and stable.

中文翻译:


用于用可见光解锁有机卤化物的陶瓷碳氮化硼



光化学通过电子转移过程从底物中诱导自由基中间体,为有机转化提供了可持续的途径。然而,进展受到多相光催化剂的限制,这些光催化剂需要高效、稳定、廉价才能长期运行,并且易于回收和产品分离。在这里,我们报道碳氮化硼(BCN)陶瓷就是这样一个系统,可以在可见光照射下减少有机卤化物,包括(杂)芳基和烷基卤化物。卤化物的交叉偶联可在环境反应条件下进行,以提供新的 C-H、C-C 和 C-S 键。在没有任何金属基催化剂或配体的情况下,通过介晶 C-X(碳-卤素)键断裂将氢、(杂)芳基和磺酰基引入芳烃和杂芳烃的设计位置。 BCN不仅可用于半反应,例如与牺牲剂的还原反应,还可用于通过氧化和还原界面电子转移的氧化还原反应。 BCN 光催化剂表现出对不同取代基的耐受性,并且在五次回收后活性保持不变。这种表面上不含金属的系统为使用光能和可持续材料的各种有机催化剂开辟了新的机遇,这些催化剂不含金属、廉价且稳定。
更新日期:2021-04-08
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