High-performance carbon-based solid acid was prepared by a simple method. The effects of carbonization temperature and mixing ratio on the structure and performance of carbon catalysts were explored. The participation of borax increases both –COOH group and –SO₃H group densities. In addition, graphitization and specific surface area of the catalyst increase by this co-carbonization method. Higher –COOH group density and aromaticity facilitate the adsorption between catalyst and substrate molecule through hydrogen bonding and CH-π interaction respectively. These improvements of structural significantly increase the hydrolysis activity of the catalyst.

中文翻译：

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通过简单策略共同提高碳基固体酸中–COOH和–SO ₃ H基的密度

通过简单的方法制备高性能的碳基固体酸。探讨了碳化温度和混合比对碳催化剂结构和性能的影响。硼砂的参与增加了–COOH基团和–SO ₃ H基团的密度。另外，通过该共碳化方法，催化剂的石墨化和比表面积增加。较高的–COOH基团密度和芳香性分别通过氢键和CH-π相互作用促进催化剂和底物分子之间的吸附。这些结构上的改进显着提高了催化剂的水解活性。