兆赫电磁波探测月表土壤介电常数,Sensors

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兆赫电磁波探测月表土壤介电常数
Sensors ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-02 , DOI: 10.3390/s21072466
Qingwen Rao ₁ , Guanjun Xu _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Wangchen Mao ₄

Affiliation

本文基于电磁散射理论、Boltzmann-Shukla方程和改进的散射矩阵法（ISMM），研究星载雷达兆赫兹电磁波探测月表土壤介电常数。通过电磁散射理论分析月表土壤在兆赫兹波作用下的反射特性，并用月表土壤介电常数来表示。然后，假设月球电离层由尘埃等离子体组成，并用玻尔兹曼-舒克拉方程描述其电磁特性。最后，利用ISMM对月球电离层中电磁波传播的透射和反射特性进行了数值计算。这样就得到了月表土壤的复介电常数。此外，本研究还研究了月球光照强度、月球尘埃特征以及月球电离层尘埃充电过程等探测环境情况对电磁波幅度和相位的影响。仿真结果表明，高频电磁波会产生较强的、相移稳定的有效波和明显较小的干扰波。而且，月球照明在低频段的电磁波下更加有效；月尘的特性对有效波的传输和吸收系数有显着影响。这些结论有助于星载雷达在各种月球环境下探测月球表面土壤介电常数的实际应用。

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etection of the Lunar Surface Soil Permittivity with Megahertz Electromagnetic Wave

In this paper, the detection of the lunar surface soil permittivity with megahertz electromagnetic (EM) waves by spaceborne radar is studied based on the EM scattering theory, the Boltzmann–Shukla equations, and the improved scattering matrix method (ISMM). The reflection characteristics of the lunar surface soil subject to megahertz waves are analyzed through the EM scattering theory and expressed by the lunar surface soil permittivity. Then, the lunar ionosphere is assumed to be composed of dusty plasma, and its EM characteristics are described with the Boltzmann–Shukla equations. Finally, the transmission and reflection characteristics of the propagation of EM waves in the lunar ionosphere are numerically calculated with ISMM. Thus, the complex permittivity of lunar surface soil is obtained. In addition, the effects of detection environment situations, such as the lunar illumination intensity, characteristics of the lunar dust and dust charging process in the lunar ionosphere, on the amplitude and phase of EM waves are also investigated in this study. The simulation results show that an EM wave at a high frequency induces a strong effective wave with a stable phase shift and a significantly small interferential wave. Moreover, the lunar illumination is more effective under EM waves in low frequency bands; the characteristics of the lunar dust have a notable influence on the transmission and absorption coefficients of the effective waves. These conclusions help in real applications involving the detection of the lunar surface soil permittivity by spaceborne radar in various lunar environments.

更新日期：2021-04-02

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