The wide application of mesosulfuron-methyl (MS) in soil may affect soil microbial community, yet the information is limited. In this work, two distinct soil types from Anyang (AY) and Nanjing (NJ) were spiked with MS (0, 0.006, 0.06, or 0.6 mg kg^–1) and incubated for 90 days. MS decreased bacterial and fungal (except the last sampling) abundance and altered their diversity and community. Five biomarkers of bacterial species may help MS degradation and more increased xenobiotics biodegradation pathways were also observed in 0.6 mg kg^–1 treatment in AY soil. A co-occurrence network revealed the biomarkers grouped in one module in all AY soils, suggesting these biomarkers act in concert to degrade MS. MS impacted soil N transformation with increasing N₂-fixing bacteria in both soils and ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) in NJ and decreasing ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in AY. The contents of NO₃^–-N and NH₄⁺-N were increased by MS. Structural equation models revealed that the abundance of bacteria and fungi was responsible for the NO₃^–-N and NH₄⁺-N contents. In conclusion, this work aids safety assessments and degradation-related research of MS in soil.

甲基磺草隆在土壤中的广泛应用可能会影响土壤微生物群落，但信息有限。在这项工作中，将来自安阳（AY）和南京（NJ）的两种不同土壤类型掺入MS（0、0.006、0.06或0.6 mg kg ^–1），并孵育90天。MS降低了细菌和真菌（最后一次采样除外）的丰度，并改变了它们的多样性和群落。细菌种类的五个生物标记物可能有助于MS降解，在AY土壤中进行0.6 mg kg ^-1处理后，还观察到更多的外源生物降解途径。一个共现网络揭示了所有AY土壤中生物标记物归类在一个模块中，表明这些生物标记物共同作用以降解MS。MS随着N _2的增加影响了土壤氮的转化固定土壤和新泽西州的氨氧化细菌（AOB），减少AY的氨氧化古细菌（AOA）。MS可提高NO ₃ ^-- N和NH ₄ ⁺ -N的含量。结构方程模型表明，细菌和真菌的丰富是NO ₃ ^-- N和NH ₄ ⁺ -N含量的原因。总之，这项工作有助于土壤中MS的安全性评估和与降解相关的研究。