Because the probiotic and growth characteristics of probiotics are strain-specific features, it is crucial to be able to distinguish the probiotic strains from the other strains in the same species. To rapidly identify Lactobacillus rhamnosus at the strain level through PCR, a method for searching for several strain-specific sequences in the genome of a strain was investigated. The whole genomes of L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 and L. rhamnosus LV108 were sequenced, and gene family analysis was performed with using L. rhamnosus GG and L. rhamnosus Lc705 as reference strains. Thirty-one and 19 strain-specific open reading frames (ORFs) were found in L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 and L. rhamnosus LV108, respectively. Thus, strain-specific primer pairs could be designed in a more rational and controllable manner. Concatenation of several strain-specific primer pairs designed from the strain-specific ORFs (and their adjacent regions) were able to distinguish L. rhamnosus LV108 (primer pairs V2, V4, V5, and V9) or L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 (primer pairs H1, H2, H3, and H4) from 12 other L. rhamnosus strains. This strain-specific identification method was determined to be accurate, rapid, economical, reproducible and easy to perform.

由于益生菌的益生菌和生长特性是特定于菌株的特征，因此至关重要的是，要能够将益生菌菌株与同一物种中的其他菌株区分开来。为了通过PCR在菌株水平上快速鉴定鼠李糖乳杆菌，研究了一种在菌株基因组中搜索几种菌株特异性序列的方法。对鼠李糖乳杆菌1301和鼠李糖乳杆菌LV108的整个基因组进行测序，并使用鼠李糖乳杆菌GG和鼠李糖乳杆菌Lc705作为参考菌株进行基因家族分析。在鼠李糖乳杆菌1301和鼠李糖乳杆菌1301中发现了31个和19个菌株特异性开放阅读框（ORF）。鼠李糖乳杆菌LV108分别。因此，可以以更合理和可控制的方式设计菌株特异性引物对。由菌株特异性ORF设计的几个菌株特异性引物对（及其相邻区域）的串联能够区分鼠李糖乳杆菌LV108（引物对V2，V4，V5和V9）或鼠李糖乳杆菌hsryfm 1301（引物对） H1，H2，H3和H4）来自其他12个鼠李糖乳杆菌菌株。经确定，此菌株特异性鉴定方法准确，快速，经济，可重现且易于执行。