Objective

Although few studies have been done to evaluate the neurotoxic effect of 4-nonylphenol on the aquatic fauna, there is a shortage in knowledge about the effect of the dose-dependent damage of 4-NP in juvenile of C. gariepinus. So, the present study aims to investigate the neurotoxic effects of 4-NP in juvenile of Clarias garepinus through evaluation of oxidative stress indices, neurotoxic biomarkers, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and histopathological alterations.

Methods

To carry out this work, healthy juvenile fish were categorized into four groups (seven fish/group; three replicates). One as control and the other three groups were exposed for 15 days to 4-nonylphenol concentrations as 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/L, respectively, then 15 days as recovery period.

Results

The neurotoxiclogical biomarkers and antioxidant parameters after exposure to 4-NP showed significant differences between treatments and the control (P < 0.05) in all parameters except monoamine oxidase, total protein, and lipid peroxidation. The histopathological alterations of 4-NP-treated in brain tissues (telencephalon and cerebellum) were recorded in juvenile of Clarias gariepinus reflecting their sensitivity to 4-NP and induced neurotoxic effect as dose-dependent manner in the juvenile C. gariepinus.

Conclusion

We concluded that the neurotoxic effect of 4-NP is dose-dependent on biomarkers and brain tissue.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

---

4-壬基酚对非洲African鱼（Clarias garepinus）的脑损伤

客观的

尽管很少有研究评估4-壬基酚对水生动物的神经毒性作用，但是关于4-NP对剂量的伤害对幼小C. gariepinus的影响尚缺乏知识。因此，本研究旨在通过评估氧化应激指数，神经毒性生物标志物，酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂以及组织病理学改变来研究4-NP对鞭毛少年的神经毒性作用。

方法

为了开展这项工作，将健康的幼鱼分为四组（每组七条鱼；三份重复）。一组作为对照组，其他三组分别暴露于4-壬基苯酚浓度分别为0.1、0.2和0.3 mg / L 15天，然后作为恢复期15天。

结果

暴露于4-NP后的神经毒性生物标志物和抗氧化剂参数显示， 除单胺氧化酶，总蛋白和脂质过氧化作用外，所有参数与对照组之间均存在显着差异（P <0.05）。记录了Clarias gariepinus幼体中脑组织（端脑和小脑）中4-NP处理的组织病理学变化，反映了它们对4-NP的敏感性，并以剂量​​依赖性方式诱导了幼小梭状芽胞杆菌的神经毒性作用。

结论

我们得出结论，4-NP的神经毒性作用取决于生物标志物和脑组织。

图形摘要