Recently, efficient extraction of natural products from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by green solvents is deemed an essential area of green technology and attracts extensive attentions. In this work, a green protocol for simultaneous ultrasonic-extraction of the native compounds with different polarities of TCMs by using a hybrid ionic liquids (HILs)-water system was reported for the first time. As a case study, three superior ILs (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl)) were chosen as the compositions of the HILs system, and the TCMs Suhuang antitussive capsule (SH) containing different-polarity lignans was selected. Primarily, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) method in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was established for qualitative and quantitative analysis of 18 lignans. After majorization by uniform design experiment, the HILs prepared with [AMIM]Cl, [EMIM][BF4], and [EMIM][OAc] at a volume ratio of 1:5:5 could simultaneously extract multi-polarity lignans compared to single IL. Subsequently, the conditions of ultrasonic extraction employing with HILs and traditional organic solvent were optimized by the response surface methodology, respectively. The results indicated that the extract efficiency of the HILs system for target compounds was significantly improved compared with the traditional organic solvent-extraction, i.e. the content of total lignans in ethanol system was up to 47 mg/g, while that in the HILs system was up to 69 mg/g, with an increasing of 47%. Additionally, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectra were used to characterize the hydrogen-bond interactions in the HILs-lignan mixtures. Extraction with the HILs in TCMs is a new application schema of ILs, which not only avoids the use of volatile toxic organic solvents, but also shows the potential to be comprehensively applied for the extraction of bioactive compounds from TCMs.

近年来，利用绿色溶剂高效提取中药（TCMs）中的天然产物被认为是绿色技术的重要领域，受到广泛关注。在这项工作中，首次报道了使用混合离子液体 (HIL)-水系统同时超声提取具有不同极性中药的天然化合物的绿色方案。作为案例研究，三种优异的离子液体（1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐（[EMIM][BF4]）、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑乙酸盐（[EMIM][OAc]）和1-烯丙基-3-选择甲基咪唑氯化物（[AMIM]Cl）作为HILs系统的组成，并选择含有不同极性木脂素的中药苏黄镇咳胶囊（SH）。主要是，建立了多反应监测 (MRM) 模式下的超高效液相色谱联用三重四极杆串联质谱 (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) 方法对 18 种木脂素进行定性和定量分析。经均匀设计实验优化后，用[AMIM]Cl、[EMIM][BF4]和[EMIM][OAc]以1:5:5的体积比制备的HILs可以同时提取多极性木脂素，而不是单极性木脂素。伊利诺伊州。随后，分别采用响应面法对HILs和传统有机溶剂超声提取条件进行了优化。结果表明，与传统的有机溶剂萃取相比，HILs系统对目标化合物的萃取效率显着提高，与单一 IL 相比，用 [AMIM]Cl、[EMIM][BF4] 和 [EMIM][OAc] 以 1:5:5 的体积比制备的 HIL 可以同时提取多极性木脂素。随后，分别采用响应面法对HILs和传统有机溶剂超声提取条件进行了优化。结果表明，与传统的有机溶剂萃取相比，HILs系统对目标化合物的萃取效率显着提高，与单一 IL 相比，用 [AMIM]Cl、[EMIM][BF4] 和 [EMIM][OAc] 以 1:5:5 的体积比制备的 HIL 可以同时提取多极性木脂素。随后，分别采用响应面法对HILs和传统有机溶剂超声提取条件进行了优化。结果表明，与传统的有机溶剂萃取相比，HILs系统对目标化合物的萃取效率显着提高，即。乙醇体系中木脂素总含量高达47 mg/g，而HILs体系中木脂素总量高达69 mg/g，增加了47%。此外，还使用¹ H-NMR 和¹³ C-NMR 光谱来表征 HIL-木酚素混合物中的氢键相互作用。中药中的HILs提取是ILs的一种新应用模式，它不仅避免了挥发性有毒有机溶剂的使用，而且显示了在中药中生物活性化合物提取中的综合应用潜力。