森林小气候与气候变化：重要性，驱动因素和未来研究议程,Global Change Biology

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森林小气候与气候变化：重要性，驱动因素和未来研究议程
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15569
Pieter De Frenne ₁ , Jonathan Lenoir ₂ , Miska Luoto ₃ , Brett R. Scheffers ₄ , Florian Zellweger ₅ , Juha Aalto _{3,

6} , Michael B. Ashcroft ₇ , Ditte M. Christiansen ₈ , Guillaume Decocq ₂ , Karen De Pauw ₁ , Sanne Govaert ₁ , Caroline Greiser ₈ , Eva Gril ₂ , Arndt Hampe ₉ , Tommaso Jucker ₁₀ , David H. Klinges ₁₁ , Irena A. Koelemeijer ₈ , Jonas J. Lembrechts ₁₂ , Ronan Marrec ₂ , Camille Meeussen ₁ , Jérôme Ogée ₁₃ , Vilna Tyystjärvi _{3,

6} , Pieter Vangansbeke ₁ , Kristoffer Hylander ₈

Affiliation

Forest & Nature Lab Ghent University Gontrode Belgium
UMR 7058 CNRS “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN) Université de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
Department of Geosciences and Geography University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
Wildlife Ecology & Conservation University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
Weather and Climate Change Impact Research Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki Finland
Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia
Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
INRAE Univ. Bordeaux BIOGECO Cestas France
School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
Plants and Ecosystems University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
INRAE Bordeaux Science Agro ISPA Villenave d'Ornon France

森林小气候与森林外的气候形成强烈反差。为了充分理解和更好地预测森林的生物多样性和功能与气候和气候变化之间的关系，需要将小气候纳入生态研究。尽管小气候可能会对森林生态系统对全球变化的响应产生广泛影响，但是我们对于树冠内和树下的微气候如何在物种，群落和生态系统层面调节生物对全球变化的生物响应的了解仍然有限。在这里，我们回顾了森林小气候的时空变化是如何由森林特征，局部水平衡，地形和景观组成的相互作用产生的。我们首先强调并举例说明考虑森林小气候以了解整个森林景观中生物多样性和生态系统功能的变化的重要性。接下来，我们解释（自由大气层）的大气候变暖如何通过与不同生物群落中土地利用变化的相互作用来影响小气候，反之亦然。最后，我们在小气候生态学和全球变化生物学的界面上对未来研究途径进行优先排序，重点关注三个关键主题：（1）区分森林小气候的非生物和生物驱动因素和反馈；（2）全球和区域森林小气候的制图和预测；（3）面对气候变化，小气候对森林生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响。在未来的几十年中，微气候数据的可用性将大大增加，这将以与森林生物过程有关的空前的时空尺度表征气候变化。这将彻底改变我们对森林小气候对生物多样性和生态功能的动态，驱动力和影响以及全球变化的影响的理解。为了支持森林的可持续利用并为后代确保其生物多样性和生态系统服务，小气候不容忽视。森林小气候对生物多样性和生态功能的驱动力和影响，以及全球变化的影响。为了支持森林的可持续利用并为后代确保其生物多样性和生态系统服务，小气候不容忽视。森林小气候对生物多样性和生态功能的驱动力和影响，以及全球变化的影响。为了支持森林的可持续利用并为后代确保其生物多样性和生态系统服务，小气候不容忽视。

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Forest microclimates and climate change: Importance, drivers and future research agenda

Forest microclimates contrast strongly with the climate outside forests. To fully understand and better predict how forests' biodiversity and functions relate to climate and climate change, microclimates need to be integrated into ecological research. Despite the potentially broad impact of microclimates on the response of forest ecosystems to global change, our understanding of how microclimates within and below tree canopies modulate biotic responses to global change at the species, community and ecosystem level is still limited. Here, we review how spatial and temporal variation in forest microclimates result from an interplay of forest features, local water balance, topography and landscape composition. We first stress and exemplify the importance of considering forest microclimates to understand variation in biodiversity and ecosystem functions across forest landscapes. Next, we explain how macroclimate warming (of the free atmosphere) can affect microclimates, and vice versa, via interactions with land‐use changes across different biomes. Finally, we perform a priority ranking of future research avenues at the interface of microclimate ecology and global change biology, with a specific focus on three key themes: (1) disentangling the abiotic and biotic drivers and feedbacks of forest microclimates; (2) global and regional mapping and predictions of forest microclimates; and (3) the impacts of microclimate on forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the face of climate change. The availability of microclimatic data will significantly increase in the coming decades, characterizing climate variability at unprecedented spatial and temporal scales relevant to biological processes in forests. This will revolutionize our understanding of the dynamics, drivers and implications of forest microclimates on biodiversity and ecological functions, and the impacts of global changes. In order to support the sustainable use of forests and to secure their biodiversity and ecosystem services for future generations, microclimates cannot be ignored.

更新日期：2021-05-08

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