<i>水稻中</i>四氯联苯及其羟基化和甲氧基化衍生物激活的多级防御系统<i></i>,Environmental Science & Technology

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水稻中四氯联苯及其羟基化和甲氧基化衍生物激活的多级防御系统
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08265
Na Liu _{1,

2} , Fangjing Lin _{1,

2} , Jie Chen _{1,

2} , Zexi Shao _{1,

2} , Xinru Zhang _{1,

2} , Lizhong Zhu _{1,

2}

Affiliation

作物可以对环境压力做出各种防御反应。该过程通常伴随着广泛的转录和代谢变化，以重新分配代谢产物。但是，目前尚不清楚有机污染物如何激活防御系统以重新分配农作物中的代谢物。目前的研究表明，三个防系统，包括细胞色素P450基因（CYP450的），谷胱甘肽S转移酶（GST）和苯丙合成，依次激活后水稻暴露于2,3,4,5-四氯联苯1（PCB 61）及其衍生物4'-羟基-2,3,4,5-四氯联苯（OH-PCB 61）和4'-甲氧基-2,3， 4,5-四氯联苯（MeO-PCB 61）。暴露0.5 h后，编码CYP76Ms和CYP72A的基因显着上调，其次是GST编码基因GSTU48，表明PCB 61，OH-PCB 61和MeO-PCB 61发生了生物转化和排毒。随后，参与苯丙烷生物合成的CCR1和CCR10在12小时后被激活，有可能降低PCB 61及其衍生物引起的氧化应激。此外，β- d在OH-PCB 61处理组中，参与苯丙烷类生物合成以及淀粉和蔗糖代谢的β-葡聚糖外切酶显着下调了7.04倍，可能有助于抑制糖的水解。这些发现为通过增强酶介导的防御系统提高水稻对有机污染物的适应性提供了见识，并提出了一种新颖而关键的策略，可在有机污染物所致的环境中提高作物的产量和质量。

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Multistage Defense System Activated by Tetrachlorobiphenyl and its Hydroxylated and Methoxylated Derivatives in Oryza sativa

Crops can initiate various defense responses to environmental stresses. The process is often accompanied by extensive transcriptional and metabolic changes to reallocate metabolites. However, it remains unclear how organic pollutants activate the defense systems to reallocate metabolites in crops. The current study demonstrates that three defense systems, including the cytochrome P450s (CYP450s), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, were sequentially activated after Oryza sativa was exposed to 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobipheny l (PCB 61) and its derivatives 4′-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (OH-PCB 61) and 4′-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (MeO-PCB 61), respectively. Genes encoding CYP76Ms and CYP72As were significantly upregulated after 0.5 h of exposure, followed by the GST-coding gene GSTU48, suggesting that the biotransformation and detoxification of PCB 61, OH-PCB 61, and MeO-PCB 61 occurred. Subsequently, CCR1 and CCR10 involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were activated after 12 h, potentially reducing the oxidative stress induced by PCB 61 and its derivatives. Furthermore, β-d-glucan exohydrolase involved in both phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism was significantly downregulated by 7.04-fold in the OH-PCB 61-treated group, potentially contributing to the inhibition of sugar hydrolysis. These findings provide insights into increasing rice adaptability to organic pollutants by reinforcing the enzyme-mediated defense systems, characterizing a novel and critical strategy that enables augmented crop outputs and quality in environments stressed by organic contaminants.

更新日期：2021-04-20

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