This study investigated the performance of anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of pig manure and food waste on the reduction of antibiotic resistomes under wet and dry AcoD conditions. High-throughput quantitative PCR technology was utilized for a comprehensive assessment of the performances of the two processes. The results show that dry AcoD with a total solids (TS) content of 20% effectively reduced total antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by 1.24 log copies/g wet sample, while only 0.54 log copies/g wet sample was reduced in wet AcoD with a TS content of 5%. Dry AcoD was more efficient in reduction of aminoglycosides, multidrug and sulfonamide resistance genes compared with the reduction of other classes of ARGs. Dry AcoD caused a significant reduction of ARGs with resistance mechanisms of efflux pump and antibiotic deactivation. In contrast, there was no obvious difference in reductions of ARGs with different resistance mechanisms in wet AcoD. Network analysis showed that ARGs were significantly correlated with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (Spearman’s r > 0.8, P < 0.05), as well as microbial communities. Enrichment of ARGs and MGEs was found at the early period of AcoD processes, indicating some ARGs and MGEs increased during the hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages. But after a long retention time, their abundances were effectively reduced by dry AcoD in the subsequent stages.

这项研究调查了猪粪和食物垃圾的厌氧消化（AcoD）在湿和干燥AcoD条件下减少抗生素抗药性的表现。高通量定量PCR技术被用于对两个过程的性能进行综合评估。结果表明，总固形物（TS）含量为20％的干AcoD有效降低了总抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的1.24 log拷贝/ g湿样品，而在湿AcoD中仅减少了0.54 log拷贝/ g湿样品。 TS含量为5％。与减少其他类别的ARGs相比，Dry AcoD可以更有效地减少氨基糖苷类，多种药物和磺酰胺类耐药基因。干性AcoD导致外排泵和抗生素失活的耐药机制显着降低了ARGs。相比之下，在潮湿的AcoD中，具有不同抗性机制的ARG的减少没有明显差异。网络分析表明ARGs与流动遗传元件（MGEs）和微生物群落显着相关（Spearman r> 0.8，P <0.05）。在AcoD过程的早期发现了ARGs和MGE的富集，这表明在水解和酸生成阶段，一些ARGs和MGEs有所增加。但是经过很长的保留时间后，在随后的阶段中通过干燥的AcoD可以有效降低其丰度。在AcoD过程的早期发现了ARGs和MGE的富集，这表明在水解和酸生成阶段，一些ARGs和MGEs有所增加。但是经过很长的保留时间后，在随后的阶段中通过干燥的AcoD可以有效降低其丰度。在AcoD过程的早期发现了ARGs和MGE的富集，这表明在水解和酸生成阶段，一些ARGs和MGEs有所增加。但是经过很长的保留时间后，在随后的阶段中通过干燥的AcoD可以有效降低其丰度。