Topics of bacterial resistance have attracted remarkable scientific interests. Bacterial infection-related diseases are major public safety issues that lead to millions of deaths annually. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel, high efficiency, and bacteria-binding antibacterial agents. As far as now, the emergence of nanozymes has been presented as promising candidates to combat bacteria. Combining the advantages of nanomaterials and natural enzymes, such nanozymes are generally low cost, good stability, controllable size, easy-of-preparation, multifunctionality, and superior catalytic activity. As the potent antibacterial agents, nanozymes possess satisfying broad-spectrum antibacterial abilities and biocompatibility. Herein, we timely summarize the recent research progress of different kinds of nanozyme-based antibacterial agents. Additionally, the relevant antibacterial mechanisms of nanozymes and the roles of physicochemical properties, external stimuli, and surface modifications on their catalytic performances and biosafety are also discussed. Finally, current challenges and the future perspectives are covered to stimulate new strategies and more effective nanozyme-based antibacterial agents for preclinical translations.

细菌抗性的话题已经引起了广泛的科学兴趣。细菌感染相关疾病是主要的公共安全问题，每年导致数百万人死亡。因此，迫切需要开发新颖，高效且与细菌结合的抗菌剂。到目前为止，已经提出了纳米酶的出现作为对抗细菌的有希望的候选者。结合纳米材料和天然酶的优点，此类纳米酶通常是低成本，良好的稳定性，可控制的尺寸，易于制备，多功能性和优异的催化活性。作为有效的抗菌剂，纳米酶具有令人满意的广谱抗菌能力和生物相容性。在此，我们及时总结了不同种类的基于纳米酶的抗菌剂的最新研究进展。此外，还讨论了纳米酶的相关抗菌机制以及理化性质，外部刺激和表面修饰对其催化性能和生物安全性的作用。最后，涵盖了当前的挑战和未来的前景，以刺激新的策略和更有效的基于纳米酶的抗菌剂用于临床前翻译。