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Ionic Liquid-Modified Gold Nanoparticles for Enhancing Antimicrobial Activity and Thermal Stability of Enzymes
ACS Applied Nano Materials ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00401 Sumit Kumar 1 , Anamika Sindhu 1 , Pannuru Venkatesu 1
ACS Applied Nano Materials ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00401 Sumit Kumar 1 , Anamika Sindhu 1 , Pannuru Venkatesu 1
Affiliation
The synthesis of nanoparticles using ionic liquids (ILs) has attracted intensive research; however, synthesis and surface tailoring of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using ILs for enzyme immobilization have not yet been reported. Herein, we synthesized the various IL-modified AuNPs using different ILs, which are having common cation 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium (EMIM) and variable anions [BF4–1 (AuNP-IL1), (CH3OSO3)−1 (AuNP-IL2), (CH3CH2OSO3)−1 (AuNP-IL3), and Cl–1 (AuNP-IL4)] by reduction of gold salt. The formation of IL modified AuNPs has been confirmed using UV–vis, zeta-potential, FTIR, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thereafter, the centrifuged IL-modified AuNPs are being immobilized with a lysozyme (Lyz) enzyme to evaluate the effect of different AuNP covering groups (capping agent and IL’s anions) for Lyz microbial activity, thermal and structural stabilities through interaction studies, spectroscopic techniques, and morphology investigation by TEM. AuNP-IL1 has increased the microbial activity of Lyz up to 2.6 fold at the concentration of 4 nM, and AuNP-IL2 is highly efficient to dextrously preserve enzyme activity against packaging for 4 weeks. The higher Michaelis–Menten constant (KM) has been observed for Lyz immobilized in the AuNP-IL2 due to higher binding with the AuNP-IL2. Apparently, the higher specific constant (Kcat/KM) of immobilized Lyz has been observed in the case of AuNP-IL3 and shows more specific binding of Lyz with this particular IL-mediated AuNPs. The significant thermal stability enhancement about 8.11 °C is observed for transition temperature (Tm) of Lyz in the presence of sulfur group-containing IL-modified AuNPs like AuNP-IL2 and AuNP-IL3, which depends on the specific interacting ability of these AuNPs with Lyz. Therefore, the study reveals the variant character of sulfur-containing IL-modified AuNPs for higher activity and thermal and structural stability of Lyz. Surprisingly, this has created a way to monitor sulfur and hydrophobic interactions on AuNPs for enzyme immobilization through means of controlling surface modifications and interactions.
中文翻译:
离子液体修饰的金纳米粒子,以提高酶的抗菌活性和热稳定性
使用离子液体(ILs)合成纳米颗粒吸引了广泛的研究。然而,尚未报道使用ILs进行酶固定的金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)的合成和表面修整。在这里,我们使用不同的IL合成了各种IL修饰的AuNP,它们具有共同的阳离子1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓(EMIM)和可变阴离子[BF 4 –1(AuNP-IL1),(CH 3 OSO 3)-1(AuNP-IL2),(CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3)-1(AuNP-IL3)和Cl –1(AuNP-IL4)]通过还原金盐。IL修饰的AuNPs的形成已通过UV-vis,ζ电位,FTIR和透射电子显微镜(TEM)的证实。之后,将离心的IL修饰的AuNPs固定在溶菌酶(Lyz)酶上,通过相互作用研究,光谱技术,透射电镜进行形态学研究。在4 nM的浓度下,AuNP-IL1使Lyz的微生物活性增加了2.6倍,而AuNP-IL2可以高效地将酶的活性保留在包装中4周。米高利斯-门腾常数(K M由于与AuNP-IL2的更高结合,已经观察到固定在AuNP-IL2中的Lyz)。显然,在AuNP-IL3的情况下,已观察到固定化Lyz的更高的比常数(K cat / K M),并且显示了Lyz与这种特定的IL介导的AuNPs的更特异性结合。观察到转变温度(T m)显着提高了约8.11°C的热稳定性。)在含硫基团的IL修饰的AuNPs(如AuNP-IL2和AuNP-IL3)存在下,这取决于这些AuNPs与Lyz的特异性相互作用能力。因此,该研究揭示了含硫的IL修饰的AuNPs具有较高的活性以及Lyz的热稳定性和结构稳定性的变异特征。出人意料的是,这已经创建了一种通过控制表面修饰和相互作用来监控AuNPs上硫和疏水相互作用以固定化酶的方法。
更新日期:2021-03-26
中文翻译:
离子液体修饰的金纳米粒子,以提高酶的抗菌活性和热稳定性
使用离子液体(ILs)合成纳米颗粒吸引了广泛的研究。然而,尚未报道使用ILs进行酶固定的金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)的合成和表面修整。在这里,我们使用不同的IL合成了各种IL修饰的AuNP,它们具有共同的阳离子1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓(EMIM)和可变阴离子[BF 4 –1(AuNP-IL1),(CH 3 OSO 3)-1(AuNP-IL2),(CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3)-1(AuNP-IL3)和Cl –1(AuNP-IL4)]通过还原金盐。IL修饰的AuNPs的形成已通过UV-vis,ζ电位,FTIR和透射电子显微镜(TEM)的证实。之后,将离心的IL修饰的AuNPs固定在溶菌酶(Lyz)酶上,通过相互作用研究,光谱技术,透射电镜进行形态学研究。在4 nM的浓度下,AuNP-IL1使Lyz的微生物活性增加了2.6倍,而AuNP-IL2可以高效地将酶的活性保留在包装中4周。米高利斯-门腾常数(K M由于与AuNP-IL2的更高结合,已经观察到固定在AuNP-IL2中的Lyz)。显然,在AuNP-IL3的情况下,已观察到固定化Lyz的更高的比常数(K cat / K M),并且显示了Lyz与这种特定的IL介导的AuNPs的更特异性结合。观察到转变温度(T m)显着提高了约8.11°C的热稳定性。)在含硫基团的IL修饰的AuNPs(如AuNP-IL2和AuNP-IL3)存在下,这取决于这些AuNPs与Lyz的特异性相互作用能力。因此,该研究揭示了含硫的IL修饰的AuNPs具有较高的活性以及Lyz的热稳定性和结构稳定性的变异特征。出人意料的是,这已经创建了一种通过控制表面修饰和相互作用来监控AuNPs上硫和疏水相互作用以固定化酶的方法。