The flat peach has become more and more popular worldwide for its fruit quality with relatively low acidity, high sugar content and rich flavor. However, the draft genome assembly of flat peach is still unavailable and the genetic basis for its fruit flavor remains unclear. In this study, the draft genome of a flat peach cultivar ‘124 Pan’ was assembled by using a hybrid assembly algorithm. The final assembly resulted in a total size of 206 Mb with a N50 of 26.3 Mb containing eight chromosomes and seven scaffolds. Genome annotation revealed that a total of 25,233 protein-coding genes were predicted with comparable gene abundance among the sequenced peach species. The phylogenetic tree and divergence times inferred from 572 single copy genes of 13 plant species confirmed that Prunus ferganensis was the ancestor of the domesticated peach. By comparing with the genomes of Prunus persica (Lovell) and Prunus ferganensis, the expansion of genes encoding enzymes involved in terpene biosynthesis was found, which might contribute to the good fruit flavor traits of ‘124 Pan’. The flat peach draft genome assembly obtained in this study will provide a valuable genomic resource for peach improvement and molecular breeding.

中文翻译：

---

桃子基因组（Prunus persica L. cv。'124 Pan'）的基因组草图提供了对其良好水果风味特征的见解

扁平桃以其相对较低的酸度，较高的糖含量和丰富的风味而享誉全球，在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。但是，扁桃的基因组装配草图仍然不可用，其水果风味的遗传基础仍不清楚。在这项研究中，通过使用混合装配算法装配了一个扁平桃品种'124 Pan'的基因组草图。最终装配的总大小为206 Mb，N50为26.3 Mb，其中包含8个染色体和7个支架。基因组注释显示，在已测序的桃子物种中，总共预测了25233个蛋白质编码基因，其基因丰度相当。从13种植物的572个单拷贝基因推导的系统树和发散时间证实了李氏李是家养桃子的祖先。通过与桃李和李子李的基因组比较，发现与萜烯生物合成有关的酶编码基因的扩增，可能有助于'124 Pan'的良好水果风味。在这项研究中获得的扁平桃子基因组草图集将为桃子改良和分子育种提供有价值的基因组资源。